Transcript Buddhismx - Cabarrus County Schools

COMMUNISTS TAKE POWER IN
CHINA
Chapter 33 Section 2
WARM UP
 What
is the Mandate of Heaven?
 Describe
the dynastic cycle.
 How
did Wudi limit the power of nobles in
China?

What religion did Wudi make the official
religion of China?
 China
had become involved in a Civil
War between Communists and
Nationalists.
 Communists – Their leader was Mao
Zedong and they won the loyalty of
the peasants by promoting literacy
and food production.
 Nationalists – Led by Jiang Jieshi
(JJ) and supported by the United
States.
 At
the beginning of the civil war, the
Nationalists had the upper hand with
more troops and US money.
 The Nationalists did not do much to win
popularity with the poor and thousands of
Nationalist soldiers ended up deserting to
the Communists.
 Mao and the Communists eventually take
control of the country and proclaimed it
the People’s Republic of China in 1949.
 China
had split into two nations.
 The Nationalists who fled to the island of
Taiwan.
 The Nationalists were aided by the
United States. Pledged to come to their
aid.
 Mainland Communist China.
 The Communists were aided by The
Soviet Union. Pledged to come to their
aid.
 In
1950, China brutally assaulted
and took over Tibet.
 The Chinese promised that they
would leave the Tibetans alone, but
they lied.
 The Dalai Lama fled to India and
there is still tension between Tibet,
India, and China.
Mao
and the Communists
seized land from wealthy
farmers and divided the
land among the peasants.
Mao killed farmers who
resisted.
 Private
companies were brought
under government ownership.
 Mao launched a five-year plan that
set very high production goals for
industry.
 Due to the five-year plan, China’s
output of coal, cement, steel, and
electricity had increased
dramatically.

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 The
friendship between The Soviet Union
and China began to break.
 Because of this loss of friendship and the
failure of “The Great Leap Forward”, Mao
wanted to reenergize the Communist
spirit in China.
 Mao urged young people to “learn
revolution by making revolution.”
 Millions of students left school and formed
militia units called Red Guards.
 The
Red Guards led a major
uprising known as the Cultural
Revolution.
 The goal of the Cultural Revolution
was to establish a society of
peasants and workers in which all
were equal.
 The hardworking peasant became
the hero of young Chinese.
 The
Red Guard shut down schools
and targeted anyone who resisted.
 Intellectuals had to “purify”
themselves by doing hard labor in
work camps.
 Mao eventually realized that the
Cultural Revolution was a failure
and had the military put down the
Red Guard.
BUDDHISM
THE HISTORY OF BUDDHISM
Siddhartha
SIDDHARTHA
 Siddhartha
Gautama – The founder of
Buddhism.

Born into a noble family that lived in Nepal.
 Prophecy
said:
If he stayed at home: He would become a
world ruler
 If he left home: He would become a universal
spiritual leader.

 His
father isolated him in his palace so
that he would not leave.
 Siddhartha
eventually explores outside
his palace and witnesses an old man, a
sick man, and a corpse.

Decides that the only way to get refuge from
inevitable suffering is through a religious life.
 Decides
that the only way to get refuge
from inevitable suffering is through a
religious life.

He wandered the forests of India for 6 years
seeking enlightenment (wisdom).
 Meditated

for 49 days under a fig tree.
Achieved an understanding of the cause of
suffering in this world. Became known as the
Buddha.
 Siddhartha
rejected the idea of the
caste system.

Many of his followers included
laborers and craftspeople.
 Monks
and nuns took vows to live a life of
poverty, to be nonviolent, and not to
marry.
 Wandered around India spreading the
Buddha's teachings.

Missionaries carried only a begging bowl to
receive daily charity offerings from people.
Buddhist Monks in Thailand
 Buddhism
spread throughout Asia
through trade routes. It was not
particularly strong in India.
 Buddhism
and Hinduism often
blended into each other.
TEACHINGS
Four noble truths and the eight fold path.
BUDDHISM
Four
Noble Truths:
1. Suffering is a part of
life.
2. Suffering is caused by
people’s greed and
craving for things.
(selfishness)
3.
Suffering will stop
if selfishness is
overcome.
4. The way to bring
suffering to an end is
to follow the
Eightfold Path.
EIGHTFOLD PATH:
1.
Accept the Four
Noble Truths.
(Awareness)
2. Think in the right
way which leads you to
help others. (Thought)
3.
Be kind in speech,
avoid boasting, gossip
and lies. (Speech)
4.
Do what is right
(Action)
5.
Earn your living in
a way which is good.
(Livelihood)
6.
Avoid evil thoughts
and actions; work
hard. (Effort)
7.
Learn to meditate.
(Concentration)
8. Be at peace in your
mind. (Understanding)
 Leads to Nirvana – a
state of freedom from
the cycle of rebirth; one
with the universe.
Buddhist Monks in Paris