Transcript PPT - Weebly

Principles and Elements
of Art
Principles: Pattern, Unity, Balance
Element: Shape, Form, Texture,
Space
Elements of Art
Shape, Form, Space, texture
Shape
• What is shape?
A shape is an element of art. Specifically,
it is an enclosed space, the boundaries of
which are defined by other elements of
art
Types of Shape
• Geometric: Shapes that have specific rules
• Organic: a shape that can have both curved
and straight segments.
Form
• What is it?
It is an element of art. At its most basic, a form
is a three-dimensional geometrical figure (i.e.:
sphere, cube, cylinder, cone, etc.), as opposed to
a shape, which is two-dimensional, or flat.
Types of Form
• Geometric:
is a list of three-dimensional geometric shapes.
Such as: cubes, spheres, cones, etc
Another type of Form
• Free Form:
A form without specific rules.
Three-dimensional enclosed
space.
Space
• Positive: is the space occupied by your subject
• Negative: is the space
that is not your subject
Do you see a vase or
two faces?
Texture
• What is it?
is used to describe either the way a
three-dimensional work actually feels
when touched, or the visual "feel" of a
two-dimensional work.
Principles of Art
Pattern, Unity, Balance
Pattern
• What is it?
pattern means the repetition of an
element (or elements) in a work
Unity
• What is it?
Unity is the hallmark of a good design. It's the
final result in a composition when all the design
elements work harmoniously together giving
the viewer a satisfying sense of belonging and
relationship. You know unity has been achieved
when all aspects of the design complement one
another rather than compete for attention.
Ways to achieve unity
• Proximity
The simplest method of making objects appear to
belong together is to group them closely together.
This allows us to see a pattern
On the right grouping
of similar objects
(proximity) was used to
create unity within this
painting.
Repetition
Another method often used to promote unity is the use
of repetition. Repetition of color, shape, texture or
object can be used to tie a work together.
The painting on the left
creates a sense of unity
by the effective use of repetition.
See how the artist has repeated similar
forms (ducks) and color (brown)
throughout the composition?
Balance
• What is it and how is it achieved on a flat
surface?
To answer this question, we must first think of a
three dimensional work of art. If the pieces were
not physically balanced or anchored, they would fall
over. For images created on a flat surface such as a
canvas the same principle of balance applies.
However, instead of having actual or physical
balance, the artist needs to create an illusion of
balance, referred to as visual balance.
Types of balance
• Symmetrical Balance
Symmetrical balance is when the
weight is equally distributed on
both sides of the central axis.
Symmetry is the simplest and
most obvious type of balance. It
creates a secure, safe feeling and
a sense of solidity. Symmetrical
balance can be achieved in two
ways. One way is by "pure
symmetry," and the other way is
by "approximate symmetry."
• Asymmetrical Balance
Asymmetrical balance is when
both sides of the central axis are
not identical, yet appear to leave
the same visual weight. It is a
"felt" equilibrium or balance
between the parts of a
composition rather than actual. If
the artist can feel, judge or
estimate the various elements
and visual weight, this should
allow him/her to balance them as
a whole. As a result, a more
interesting composition will occur
in the work.
When components
are balanced left and
right of a central axis
they are balanced
horizontally.
When they are
balanced above
and below they
are said to be
balanced
vertically.
When
components
are distributed
around the
center point, or
spring out from a
central line, this
is referred to as
radial balance.
Japanese Lanterns
Japanese Lantern History
The Japanese use of stone
lamps in Japan, called
Ishidoro, began with the
introduction of Buddhism to
the country in the 6th
Century. They were used to
originally light temples and
later to mark the grounds of
sacred shrines, or more
secular areas like teahouses,
and private gardens
The burning lamp is a common metaphor in Buddhist
texts; it symbolizes the Buddhist teachings: the light
that helps us to overcome the darkness of ignorance.
There is a Buddhism sutra that states that light is
dedicated to Buddha. Many Buddhist sutras
(scriptures) say it is virtuous to offer the light of a lamp
to the Buddha, and so, the lanterns in front of Japanese
temples and shrines were probably used initially as
symbolic offerings or memorial of the Buddha.
• Stone lanterns became more common with the
onset of the Japanese sacred tea ceremony, a
national tradition that came about after the
Chinese introduced tea to Japan in the 9thCentury.
The lanterns lit dark paths leading to the tea
ceremonial hut or decorated tea ceremony masters
tea gardens. The Way of Tea is a ritual, still
practiced today that embodies the ideas of
harmony, respect, purity and tranquility.
Stone lanterns eventually moved into use in modern
times as garden decorations. The garden lantern
serves two fold purposes. The shapes have specific
meanings and on its own it looks like a sculptured
showpiece that acts as one of the focal points of the
garden. The true magic of the Japanese garden
lanterns comes to play when night falls and these
lamps are ignited bringing the entire garden to light.
Typical Japanese garden lanterns do not throw out an
excessive amount of light that will brighten up
the whole place. Rather the light that radiates
out of these lanterns are dim and bring about
a sense of serenity shedding enough light for
the visitor to make his way through the
garden while appreciating its beauty.
Examples of different
kinds of lanterns
• Riverside stone lanterns are usually placed to
overlook a pond or stream for they create a
beautiful image in the water reflection.
• Oribe
• First produced in the Momyana period and is among
the oldest Japanese garden lanterns known. The
lantern is a classic representation of a "planted"
stone lantern style for they do not have a base at the
bottom. The Oribe lantern has a carved Buddha at
the base of the lantern.
• Kasuga
• The Kasuga lantern is a classic example of a Japanese
"tachi-gata" or pedestal style lantern. This style of
lantern dates back to the Ashikaga period. It is
commonly used as a focal point and the stone
carvings on the light box often relate to its origin
• Miyoshi
• The name of the originator "Miyoshi" is carved in
the face of this elegant granite lantern. This is a
classic ikekomi-gata (buried) style Japanese lantern.
The Miyoshi is stunning placed in an entry way or
along a garden path
• Kotoji Lantern
• This lantern is an outstanding symbol of Japanese creative
symmetry in stone. The lantern is named Kotoji meaning,
"harp tuner", for the two legs on which the body of the
lantern stands are said to resemble to tuning forks of the
Japanese musical instrument "koto". Usually one leg is
placed on the land and the other in water, reflecting the
interdependence of land and water.
Your Task
• Create a Japanese lantern using multiple slabs,
with a roof and a base.
• Criteria:
• 1. You may only use slabs to create your lantern.
• 2. You must have two layers of slabs
a. A base or support, and
b. The top ‘house’ layer with a roof to enclose
the top layer. Your house may not be larger
than 10 inches.
• 3. You must have holes cut
out in a pattern or design for
illumination. The light will
come through the lantern in
the ‘house’ layer.
Slab Building Technique
Go to web sit to view video
http://christiangarceau.weebly.com/slab-building.html
Steps:
• 1.) Brainstorm: Draw out 7 ideas for your lantern design. Look in
books and on line to help you come up with your ideas. SITE YOUR
SOURCES!
• 2.) Demonstration: Creating a mock up or a maquette with
cardstock (paper).
• 3.) Make a mock up of your lantern. You will create a mini version of
your lantern to help you flush out the problems along the way.
Create 3 parts to the piece: The base, the house, and the roof.
• 4.) Demonstration: Beginning your slab lantern
• 5.) Roll out slabs, cut all the slabs to size and leave them overnight
so they become leather hard.
• 6.) Begin constructing the base.
• 7.) Construct the ‘house’ separately from the base.
• 8.) Cut out the holes in the ‘house’ part.
• 9). Build the roof, with a flange, and attach it to the ‘house.’
• 10.) Attach the ‘house’ to the base or leave it free standing on the
base.
• 11). Craftsmanship is key!. Put your name on it and place it in on
bisque shelf in wedging room.
Examples