Transcript “Harmonious Co-existence” in Buddhism

“Harmonious Co-existence”
in Buddhism
“Harmonious Co-existence”
in Buddhism
Makio TAKEMURA Toyo University
What is the problem?
the progress of Science and Technology →
mass-production
mass-consumption →
mass-waste-production →
environment destruction
The back ground of the problem
Method of Science
dualism of subject and object
reductionism into elements
divide and rule
１
The background of the problem
View of Nature
priority of human beings
treating nature as material
View of life
egoism
pursuit of desires
２
Way of solution for problem
atomism →
view of relationships
priority of human beings →
equal partnership of human beings and
nature
pursuit of desires → pursuit of true life
The philosophy of Buddhism 1
The fundamental world view is
Dharma-pluralism.
Dharma is element of material and
psychological world.
Sarvastivadin 75 dharmas of 5 categories
Yogacara
100 dharmas of 5 categories
The philosophy of Buddhism
2
The philosophy of dependent origination
is the principle of Buddhism.
dependent origination
cause ＋ conditions → fruit
It means denial of God, denial of a cause, or
denial of happenstances.
The philosophy of Buddhism
３
Kegon-philosophy says
one is all and all are one, or
one penetrates into all and all penetrate
into one,
and the world of “ji ji mu ge”
(all matters are interacted)
The philosophy of Buddhism 4
It also says, whole is in an element
and all elements are in an element.
The example of the net of Indra is used for the
explanation.
The philosophy of Buddhism is very similar with it
of Ecology.
The philosophy of Buddhism5
The philosophy of Consciousness-only says,
nature is in our minds.
Mind has the image of object in it. →
So all consciousnesses have both of objective
part and subjective part.
Thing itself is in Alaya-vijnana.
The philosophy of Buddhism
6
Construction of consciousnesses
five perceptions of eye, ear, nose, tongue and
body
intellect etc. (mano-vijnana)
constant ego-attachment (manonama-vijnana)
storehouse of all experience (alaya-vijnana)
The philosophy of Buddhism 7
His body, the material environment and causes of
perceptions etc. are in the objective part of Alayavijnana.
Five perceptions originate depending on the material
envirionment in the objective part of Alayavijnana.
Self is whole of interaction between the subject and
the environment via his body. → Self is whole
of his body and the subject and the environment.
The philosophy of Buddhism
8
The aim of Buddhism is to release from
suffering of born, getting old, disease and
death.
To release from suffering of rebirth, one must
throw away ego-attachment.
The philosophy of Buddhism
9
The aim of Mahayana-Buddhism is
to release from suffering of others and self,
throwing away the attachment not only for
self but also for matters,
to realize true self,
and to work for others for ever.
The philosophy of Buddhism 10
The practice of purifying the land where he
abides is included in Bodhisattva’s practice.
Contents of the practice of purifying the land
are
realization of amenity of the environment and
purifying minds of people abiding in the land.
The philosophy of Buddhism
11
Interpretation of Buddhist teaching
in Modern Society
One should understand the meaning of self deeply,
be free from attachments for self and matters,
try to develop the spirituality or creativity,
work hard to build the society where all beings can
realize themselves.
Conclusion
Buddhist standpoint for
“Harmonious Co-existence”
Ⅰ One should understand the meaning of
life, and be free from limitless pursuit for
matters or convenience.
Conclusion
Ⅱ One should recognize that the
environment is also in Self, and have deep
concern and actual behavior for the crisis of
the environment in Modern World
Conclusion
Ⅲ One should have insight into the
limitless relationships among human beings,
animals and plants, and nature, and stop the
invasion of environment depending on the
way of dividing and ruling.