Transcript Confucianism and Buddhism

Confucianism and Buddhism
Ch. 7
V. The Age of Buddhism (400-845)
A. began in India in 500bc
B. many began practicing during the
period of disunion after the fall of the Han
*these were times of trouble
*people took comfort in Buddhist
teachings and felt they can escape
and achieve a state of peace.
1. “suffering can end through cycle
of rebirth”
C. influenced art, literature, architecture
D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism
Buddhism
D. Buddhist teachings
1. a religion- based on teachings of
Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha
2. Buddha means “enlightened one”
3. He lived in India 563-483 BC
4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD
by Buddhist monks who traveled
along the Silk Road
Buddhism
this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students.
5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths
(1) all life is suffering and pain
(2) suffering and pain are caused by
desire for wealth, pleasure, fame,
power
(3) to end suffering one must overcome
desire
(4) to over come desire, one must foll the
Middle Way
Buddhism
6. The Middle Way- to have morally
excellent conduct and compassion for all
living things = calmness and purity of mind
Buddhism
7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul
is reborn in a new body
8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana =
desire nothing
9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of
life and death; they are no longer is
reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering
10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring
others to enlightenment
Instructions:
create a timeline using
the dates from your notes
400
Han
Dynasty
220
“period of
disunion”
5 Dynasties
&
10 kingdoms
907
960
1279
Song
Dynasty
589
Age of Buddhism
618
Sui
Dynasty
907
Tang
Dynasty
1368
Yuan
Dynasty
845
1644
Ming Dynasty
Main Idea 3:
The Age of Buddhism saw major
religious changes in China.
Buddhism was spreading quickly throughout the lands. It first
came to China during the Han dynasty.
During the troubled time of the Period of Disunion, many turned
to Buddhism. They took comfort in the teaching that people can
escape suffering and achieve a state of peace.
It influenced many aspects of Chinese culture. Wealthy people
donated money to build temples. It also affected art, literature,
and architecture.
Buddhism came to an end there when the Tang emperor
launched a campaign against it, burning texts and destroying
temples.
Confucianism and Government
7.3.3
7.3.6
The Big Idea
Confucian thought influenced the Song government.
Main Ideas
• Confucianism underwent changes and influenced Chinese
government.
• Scholar-officials ran China’s government during the Song dynasty.
VII. Confucianism and Government
1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the
Song Dynasty
A. focused on two principles of ethics
1. ren: concern for others
2. li: proper behavior
Confucianism
B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious
1. lived in China 551-479 BC
2. developed the philosophy of life and
for government
3. focused on proper conduct, respect for
elders, education, and government
service
4. he felt this would create a peaceful,
Confucianism
5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese
traditions of respect and hard work
Confucianism
B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships
1. ruler and subject
2. parent and child
3. husband and wife
4. sibling and sibling
5. friend and friend
Confucianism
C. The 5 Relationships
1. he believed these relationships would be
harmonious if the people involved were loyal,
courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to
those in authority
2. he taught that harmony in the family
would result in showing respect for parents
3. if people followed these examples, then
harmony,
Chapter 7
Chapter 7, Section 3
Confucianism
Confucian Ideas – p.177
• Teachings focused on ethics or proper
behavior for individuals & governments
• People should follow 2 basic principles• Ren-concern for others
• Li-appropriate behavior
• Society would work best if everyone
followed ren and li
Confucian Ideas – p. 177
• Everyone had a proper role in society
• Order was maintained if everyone knew
their roles and behaved appropriately
• Ex. – young people should obey their
elders
• Ex. – subjects should obey their rulers
The Influence of Confucianism – p.177
• At first, his ideas not widely followed after
his death
• Han Dyn.-comes into favor
• Becomes the official state philosophy
The Influence of Confucianism –
p. 177
• Period of Disunion-overshadowed by
Buddhism
• Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influentialpromising escape from suffering
• Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost
some influence, but still important
Neo-Confucianism – p. 178
• Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in
Confucianism
• because scholars wanted to improve govt.
& society
• Neo-Confucianism develops during & after
the Song Dynasty
• Neo means new
Neo-Confucianism – p. 178
• Neo-Confucianism-similar to old
philosophy because it taught proper
behavior
• It also emphasized spiritual matters (new
part)
• Much more influential under Song and
even more later
• Ideas became official govt. teachings after
Song
Confucius Quotes
• A superior man is modest in his speech,
but exceeds in his actions.
• Choose a job you love, and you will never
have to work a day in your life.
• Our greatest glory is not in never falling,
but in rising every time we fall.
• Success depends upon previous
preparation, and without such preparation
there is sure to be failure.
Scholar-Officials
Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179
• Song Dyn. improved system by which
people worked for the govt.
• Workers formed a bureaucracy-body of
unelected govt. officials
• Civil Service-means service as a govt.
official
• People had to pass written exams to
become govt. officials
• Students were tested on Confucianism &
Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179
• Tests very difficult-took years of study
• Passing meant life as a scholar-officialan educated member of the govt.
• Scholar-officials were highly respected
members of society with many privileges
• This system ensured that talented people
became govt. officials
V. The Age of Buddhism (400-845)
A. began in India in 500bc
B. many began practicing during the
period of disunion after the fall of the Han
*these were times of trouble
*people took comfort in Buddhist
teachings and felt they can escape
and achieve a state of peace.
1. “suffering can end through cycle
of rebirth”
C. influenced art, literature, architecture
D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism
Buddhism
D. Buddhist teachings
1. a religion- based on teachings of
Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha
2. Buddha means “enlightened one”
3. He lived in India 563-483 BC
4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD
by Buddhist monks who traveled
along the Silk Road
Buddhism
this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students.
5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths
(1) all life is suffering and pain
(2) suffering and pain are caused by
desire for wealth, pleasure, fame,
power
(3) to end suffering one must overcome
desire
(4) to over come desire, one must foll the
Middle Way
Buddhism
6. The Middle Way- to have morally
excellent conduct and compassion for all
living things = calmness and purity of mind
Buddhism
7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul
is reborn in a new body
8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana =
desire nothing
9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of
life and death; they are no longer is
reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering
10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring
others to enlightenment
VII. Confucianism and Government
1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the
Song Dynasty
A. focused on two principles of ethics
1. ren: concern for others
2. li: proper behavior
Confucianism
B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious
1. lived in China 551-479 BC
2. developed the philosophy of life and
for government
3. focused on proper conduct, respect for
elders, education, and government
service
4. he felt this would create a peaceful,
Confucianism
5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese
traditions of respect and hard work
Confucianism
B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships
1. ruler and subject
2. parent and child
3. husband and wife
4. sibling and sibling
5. friend and friend
Confucianism
C. The 5 Relationships
1. he believed these relationships would be
harmonious if the people involved were loyal,
courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to
those in authority
2. he taught that harmony in the family
would result in showing respect for parents
3. if people followed these examples, then
harmony,
2. Neo- Confucianism
A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas
blended together
1. emphasized spiritual matters
a. why do good people do
bad things?
3. Scholar officials
A. educated government officials
1. civil service exams
a. those who passed became part
of bureaucracy for life
2.created a stable, efficient government
Instructions:
create a timeline using
the dates from your notes
400
Han
Dynasty
220
“period of
disunion”
5 Dynasties
&
10 kingdoms
907
960
1279
Song
Dynasty
589
Age of Buddhism
618
Sui
Dynasty
907
Tang
Dynasty
1368
Yuan
Dynasty
845
1644
Ming Dynasty
Main Idea 1:
Confucianism underwent
changes and influenced Chinese
government.
• The dominant philosophy
in China was Confucianism, based on
the teachings of Confucius.
• His teachings focused on proper behavior.
• Confucius taught that people should conduct their lives according
to two basic principles.
– One was ren, or concern for others.
– The other was li, or appropriate behavior.
Neo-Confucianism
• After his death, Confucius’s
ideas were spread by his
followers, but as Buddhism
became more popular,
Confucianism lost some
influence.
• Buddhism stressed a more
spiritual outlook that promised
escape from suffering.
• Neo-Confucianism developed
due to a desire to improve
Chinese government and
society.
• It was similar to the older
philosophy but emphasized
spiritual matters.
• Neo-Confucianism became
more influential under the
Song, and became official
government teaching after the
Song dynasty.
•
Main Idea 2:
Scholar-officials ran China’s
government during the Song
dynasty.
The Song dynasty improved
the system by which people went to
work for the government.
• These workers formed a large bureaucracy, or a body of
unelected government officials.
Civil Service Examinations
• Officials joined the
bureaucracy by passing civil
service examinations.
• Civil service means service as
a government official.
• These were a series of written
examinations that tested
students’ grasp of
Confucianism and related
ideas.
• The tests were difficult, and
students spent years
preparing.
• Passing the exam meant life
as a scholar-official, an
educated member of
government.
Daoism
A. Laozi- the first Daoist philosopher, 606530 BC
B. Teachings1. the goal in life was to achieve oneness
with the Dao, a universal force
connected to nature that cannot be
defined, only experienced and felt
Daoism
2. humans should see themselves as
part of nature and should understand
change as part of everything
3. the best way for humans to find peace
is by living simply, in harmony with
nature
4. observe how nature acts- sit by a river,
feel a breeze, observe a cloud drifting,
etc
Daoism
5. they don’t believe in strong
government, they believe happiness and
pace can be achieved by thinging about
nature and leading a balanced life in tune
with nature; not laws or rules
6. harmony comes from balanceing the
opposite forces of nature called yin and
yang
Daoism
7. yin’s attributes = female, earth, dark,
cold
8. yang’s attributes = male, sky, light,
heat
VII. Confucianism and Government
1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the
Song Dynasty
A. focused on two principles of ethics
1. ren: concern for others
2. li: proper behavior
Confucianism
B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious
1. lived in China 551-479 BC
2. developed the philosophy of life and
for government
3. focused on proper conduct, respect for
elders, education, and government
service
4. he felt this would create a peaceful,
Confucianism
5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese
traditions of respect and hard work
Confucianism
B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships
1. ruler and subject
2. parent and child
3. husband and wife
4. sibling and sibling
5. friend and friend
Confucianism
C. The 5 Relationships
1. he believed these relationships would be
harmonious if the people involved were loyal,
courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to
those in authority
2. he taught that harmony in the family
would result in showing respect for parents
3. if people followed these examples, then
harmony,
Chapter 7
Chapter 7, Section 3
Confucianism
Confucian Ideas – p.177
• Teachings focused on ethics or proper
behavior for individuals & governments
• People should follow 2 basic principles• Ren-concern for others
• Li-appropriate behavior
• Society would work best if everyone
followed ren and li
Confucian Ideas – p. 177
• Everyone had a proper role in society
• Order was maintained if everyone knew
their roles and behaved appropriately
• Ex. – young people should obey their
elders
• Ex. – subjects should obey their rulers
The Influence of Confucianism – p.177
• At first, his ideas not widely followed after
his death
• Han Dyn.-comes into favor
• Becomes the official state philosophy
The Influence of Confucianism –
p. 177
• Period of Disunion-overshadowed by
Buddhism
• Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influentialpromising escape from suffering
• Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost
some influence, but still important
Neo-Confucianism – p. 178
• Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in
Confucianism
• because scholars wanted to improve govt.
& society
• Neo-Confucianism develops during & after
the Song Dynasty
• Neo means new
Neo-Confucianism – p. 178
• Neo-Confucianism-similar to old
philosophy because it taught proper
behavior
• It also emphasized spiritual matters (new
part)
• Much more influential under Song and
even more later
• Ideas became official govt. teachings after
Song
Confucius Quotes
• A superior man is modest in his speech,
but exceeds in his actions.
• Choose a job you love, and you will never
have to work a day in your life.
• Our greatest glory is not in never falling,
but in rising every time we fall.
• Success depends upon previous
preparation, and without such preparation
there is sure to be failure.
Scholar-Officials
Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179
• Song Dyn. improved system by which
people worked for the govt.
• Workers formed a bureaucracy-body of
unelected govt. officials
• Civil Service-means service as a govt.
official
• People had to pass written exams to
become govt. officials
• Students were tested on Confucianism &
Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179
• Tests very difficult-took years of study
• Passing meant life as a scholar-officialan educated member of the govt.
• Scholar-officials were highly respected
members of society with many privileges
• This system ensured that talented people
became govt. officials
V. The Age of Buddhism (400-845)
A. began in India in 500bc
B. many began practicing during the
period of disunion after the fall of the Han
*these were times of trouble
*people took comfort in Buddhist
teachings and felt they can escape
and achieve a state of peace.
1. “suffering can end through cycle
of rebirth”
C. influenced art, literature, architecture
D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism
Buddhism
D. Buddhist teachings
1. a religion- based on teachings of
Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha
2. Buddha means “enlightened one”
3. He lived in India 563-483 BC
4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD
by Buddhist monks who traveled
along the Silk Road
Buddhism
this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students.
5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths
(1) all life is suffering and pain
(2) suffering and pain are caused by
desire for wealth, pleasure, fame,
power
(3) to end suffering one must overcome
desire
(4) to over come desire, one must foll the
Middle Way
Buddhism
6. The Middle Way- to have morally
excellent conduct and compassion for all
living things = calmness and purity of mind
Buddhism
7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul
is reborn in a new body
8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana =
desire nothing
9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of
life and death; they are no longer is
reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering
10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring
others to enlightenment
VII. Confucianism and Government
1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the
Song Dynasty
A. focused on two principles of ethics
1. ren: concern for others
2. li: proper behavior
Confucianism
B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious
1. lived in China 551-479 BC
2. developed the philosophy of life and
for government
3. focused on proper conduct, respect for
elders, education, and government
service
4. he felt this would create a peaceful,
Confucianism
5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese
traditions of respect and hard work
Confucianism
B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships
1. ruler and subject
2. parent and child
3. husband and wife
4. sibling and sibling
5. friend and friend
Confucianism
C. The 5 Relationships
1. he believed these relationships would be
harmonious if the people involved were loyal,
courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to
those in authority
2. he taught that harmony in the family
would result in showing respect for parents
3. if people followed these examples, then
harmony,
2. Neo- Confucianism
A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas
blended together
1. emphasized spiritual matters
a. why do good people do
bad things?
3. Scholar officials
A. educated government officials
1. civil service exams
a. those who passed became part
of bureaucracy for life
2.created a stable, efficient government
Instructions:
create a timeline using
the dates from your notes
400
Han
Dynasty
220
“period of
disunion”
5 Dynasties
&
10 kingdoms
907
960
1279
Song
Dynasty
589
Age of Buddhism
618
Sui
Dynasty
907
Tang
Dynasty
1368
Yuan
Dynasty
845
1644
Ming Dynasty