Transcript Chapter 1 Daily Note Sheets Completed Power Point

1. Where are we ?
• -In the Universe
• In the Solar System
• 3rd planet from the Sun
2. When you stand outside, what objects
beyond the Earth can you see ?
• Sun, Moon, 5 Planets
zenith
3. Identify the following using the diagram
on the right to identify
Zenith point directly above you
Nadir point directly below you
Northern Horizon Where the sky meets
the ground in the north
SH
Southern Horizon Where the sky meets the ground in
the south
NH
nadir
4. Why do objects beyond the
Earth appear to move ?
• Because the Earth rotates
5. Define rotation
• To move about an internal axis
6. How do we know that the Earth
is rotating ?
• Foucault Pendulum
•
Not attached to Earth
•
Earth must be rotating under the
pendulum
7. Which way does the Earth Rotate ? How
do you know ?
• Sun shows on Eastern coast of US first.
Must be going counterclockwise
8. What is the celestial sphere ?
• Imaginary ball around the Earth that the
stars can be found upon.
9. What affect does the rotation of the Earth have on the
celestial sphere?
• The celestial sphere appears to rotate
around the Earth
10. What are constellations ?
What is their purpose ?
•
•
Recognized group of stars in patterns
Their purpose:
1. is to section sky to identify the location
of objects.
2. predicting future events
3. Entertainment – telling stories
11. What is the difference between an asterism and a constellation?
Give some examples.
• A recognized group of stars that is only
part of a constellation
Examples big dipper, little dipper, sickle,
summer triangle
12. Find and name 5 constellations 3 stars found in your northern sky (these are the circumpolar constellations)
Constellations
A. Ursa Major
B. Ursa Major
C. Cassiopeia
D. Cepheus
E. Draco
Star
Merak
North Star
(Polaris)
Star
Dubhe
13. How can you find the North Star (Polaris) ?
Give 2 ways
• 1. Using the two pointer stars in the Big
Dipper (Merak & Dubhe) create a straight
line to the North Star
• 2. Face north and count 4 fist and a finger
up from the horizon (altitude)
14. How is altitude measured ?
• Measure the angle from the horizon up to
the object in the sky
15. Identify the constellations, stars and sky objects for the southern sky
Constellation
A
Orion
Star
Star
Sky Object
Betelguese
Bellatrix
Orion Nebula
Rigel
B
C
Taurus
Aldebaran
Canis Major
Sirius
D Canis
Minor
E
Gemini
F
Lepus
Pleiades
Procyon
Merak
Dubhe
16. What names do stars have ? Where do they
come from ? * See naming packet
• Common name : Name given to star sometime in
past. This is typically how the star is identified. Example
Betelgeuse means “Arm Pit” Aldebaran means “the follower”
(it follows the Pleiades) Procyon means “ before the dog” it
comes before the dog star – Sirius
• Bayer Name: Name given to star going from the
brightest to the dimmest. Use the Greek alphabet α alpha is the
brightest, β Beta is next brightest, γ gamma is next etc…..
Then use the Latin Possessive.
• Example alpha Ursa Minoris ( brightest star in Ursa Major)
Polaris, alpha Canis Majoris ( brightest star in Canis Major)
Sirius
• Flamsteed Name:
Number the stars from West to east again
using the latin possessive
Examples 51 Pegasi, and 61 Cygni.
17. What is apparent magnitude ? What is the apparent magnitude of
the Polaris ?
• How bright a star appears to us. This can
be affected by distance.
• Higher the number the dimmer
• Lower the number the brighter
• Polaris is a 2.0
18. What is a photometer ?
• Instrument used to measure the
brightness of a star
19. How much brighter is one star than another on the
apparent magnitude scale ?
• A difference of 5 on the apparent
magnitude scale equal 100 x brighter
• A 1 is 100x brighter than a 6
20. How can you tell where you are on the Earth ?
• Latitude : Lines that run East and West
and measure North and South
• Longitude: Lines that run North and South
measure East to West
• Chardon is Latitiude 41 N
Longitude 81 W
21. Identify the following using terrestrial globe
Latitude Lines
North Geographic Pole
Measure north and south
90 degrees north latitude
Equator
South Geographic Pole
0 degrees latitude
90 degrees south latitude
Longitude Lines (meridians)
Measure east and west
International Date Line
180 degrees longitude
Prime meridian
Local Meridian
0 degrees longitude
Your longitude
22.
Identify the following using the celestial
sphere
Declination
Lines running east to west on
the Celestial Sphere. They
measure north to south
Celestial North Pole
90 N declination
Celestial Equator
Celestial South Pole
0 degrees declination
90 S declination
Right Ascension
Autumnal equinox
Lines running North to South on the
Celestial Sphere. They measure east
to west
point at which the ecliptic intersects
the celestial equator. on or about
September 21
Vernal equinox
point at which the ecliptic intersects the
celestial equator. on or about March 21