Transcript Indian Empires

WARM UP
Create a TRIPLE VENN DIAGRAM!!!
Zoroastrianism
Z+H
Z+B
All 3
B+H
Agenda
-Warm Up: Triple Venn Diagram
-Edicts of Asoka
-Gupta Travels
-Cultural Diffusion, visually
-Review and Preview
Zoroastrianism
Background Information
• 1,000 years after Aryan migrations, about 600
BC
– Many small kingdoms
• 326 BC, Alexander the Great
• 321 BC, Chandragupta Maurya seized power
FIRST
• Read packet on Mauryan Empire
Asoka
Asoka’s Edicts
Asoka’s Edicts
“On the roads… trees have been
planted for the enjoyment of
animals and men. I have had
ponds dug and shelters erected
along the roads. Everywhere I
have had wells dug.”
Asoka’s Edicts
“It is good to be obedient to
one’s mother and father,
friends, and relatives. It is good
not only to spend little, but to
own the minimum of property.”
Asoka’s Edicts
“My officers have been
appointed for the welfare and
happiness of the…people. I have
given them…authority in
judgment and punishment. But
it is desirable that there should
be uniformity in judicial
procedure and punishment.”
Asoka’s Edicts
“This world and the other are
hard to gain without great love
of Righteousness [correct
behavior], great selfexamination, great obedience,
great effort.”
Asoka’s Edicts
“If the unconquered peoples on
my border ask what is my will,
they should understand this: I
desire that they should trust me
and should have only happiness
in their dealings with me.”
Asoka’s Edicts
“This…has been engraved so that
the officials of the city should
always see to it that no one is ever
imprisoned or tortured without
good cause. To ensure this I shall
send out every five years on a tour
of inspection officers who are not
fierce or harsh.”
Asoka’s Edicts
“There is no gift comparable to
the gift of Dharma, and this is:
good behavior towards slaves
and servants, obedience to
parents, generosity towards
friends, acquaintances, and
relatives…and abstention from
killing living beings.”
Asoka’s Edicts
“Everywhere, I, Ashoka, King
Priyadarsi, Beloved of the Gods,
have arranged for two kinds of
medical treatment: medical
treatment for men and medical
treatment for animals.”
Asoka’s Edicts
“Men who are sentenced to death
are to be given three days’ respite.
Thus their relations may plead for
their lives, or [the] men may make
donations or undertake a fast for a
better rebirth in the next life.”
Summary - Asoka
• Fierce military leader turned big teddy bear
– (due to Battle of Kalinga and conversion to
Buddhism)
Period of Turmoil
• 500 years
• Invasion
• A bunch of different kingdoms
GUPTA EMPIRE! The Golden Age
• We are going to travel it.
Friendly sticks,
Not weapons
Me
Traveling the Gupta Empire
• In pairs, travel to the NINE stations
• You will have THREE minutes at each station
Stations
•
•
•
•
•
Astronomy
Literature
Mathematics
Medicine
Metalwork
•
•
•
•
Painting
Roads
Sculpture
Universities
Take Notes on:
• Setting
• What the place is like
• The Achievement
– What was it?
– Why is it important
Then, draw a picture to help you remember!
EXAMPLE
-Pataliputra (capital
of Gupta Empire)
-on the Ganges River
-hot, humid day
-chilly night
-Discoveries about sun, moon, earth, other planets
-Some conclusions more accurate than Greeks
-Famous astronomer: Aryabhata
-One year = 365.258 days
-Planets are spherical
-Estimated earth’s size
-Earth turns on axis
-Mercury and Venus revolve around the sun
-Lunar eclipses
What did you learn?
Trade
Why was India at an advantage?
So what?
Rome, Africa,
Arabia, Persia
India
INDIA
What happens
when people
trade?
What else spreads?
Buddhism and Hinduism Change
• Mahayana Buddhism: accepted new doctrines
– Worshipped Buddha as a god
– bodhisattvas
• Theravada Buddhism: stuck with Buddha’s
original, stricter teachings
• Hinduism trends towards monotheism, focus
on one of the gods
Is Buddhism a Religion or Philosophy?
10%
8%
36%
37%
55%
54%
Religion
Philosophy
Both
Breakdown by class
3rd
5th
18%
22%
24%
22%
27%
Religion
Philosophy
59%
56%
Both
7th
Philosophy
Both
73%
6%6%
28%
24%
Religion
Philosophy
67%
71%
Religion
Both
Religion
• “Buddhism is a religion because the Buddhist people
trust in gods, feelings, and the importance of life”
• “Religion. If it has gods, then it’s a religion.”
• “Religion because a lot of people consider it that. And
they also believe in gods.”
• “It’s a religion because people follow it.”
• “I think it’s a religion because its being practiced all
over the world.”
• “I think it’s a religion because it has things like gods
and people following it.”
Philosophy
• “I think it is a philosophy because it is a way of living to help you be
a better person.”
• “I think it’s a philosophy because religion is supposed to be based
around and about a God, these ideas are more about people and
how to act.”
• “Philosophy as there isn’t a god; its just teachings that make up this
‘religion’”
• “I think it’s a philosophy because they didn’t really have rules.”
• “I think Buddhism is a philosophy because it can be applied to
anyone’s life, despite if they have a religion already.”
• “[Philosophy] Because it states facts, and things that people should
already do, its what makes you a good person, not religion.”
• “Buddhism is a philosophy because there are no gods.”
Both
• “I believe that it is both. It has ideas like a
philosophy but also tells how to reach
salvation and the meaning of life.”
Review and Preview
-Triple Venn Diagram
-Asoka’s Edicts
-Gupta Travels
-Cultural Diffusion
NEXT CLASS (11/4): CHINA!
Class after (11/7): Group Activities/Review
Class after(11/9): Test!