Transcript Plate Tectonics - NagelBeelmanScience

By: Kayla Bevis
PLATE TECTONICS
WHAT ARE PLATE TECTONICS
Plate tectonics is the study of how the Earth's
plates are driven and shaped by geological
forces that keep them in constant motion.
THE CREATOR OF PLATE TECTONICS
Born on November 1, 1880,
Alfred Lothar Wegener
earned a Ph.D in astronomy
from the University of Berlin
in 1904. However he had
always been interested in
geophysics and also became
fascinated with the
developing fields of
meteorology and climatology.
THE CREATOR OF PLATE TECTONICS PT 2
During his life, Wegener
made several key
contributions to
meteorology: he pioneered
the use of balloons to
track air circulation, and
wrote a textbook that
became standard
throughout Germany.
WHAT EFFECTS DID PLATE TECTONICS HAVE
Plate tectonics can cause a number of things. This includes earthquakes
when two plates grind together. Earthquakes occur along fault line. Which is
why California gets a lot of earthquakes. It is along the San Andreas Fault.
Plate tectonics can also cause mountains and volcanoes when one plate
goes under another one. Volcanoes have caused more casualties than other
types of volcanoes. Probably because there are more of them, and also
because they form steep piles of ash and lava, where landslides and
mudslides can occur frequently.
ALFRED WEGENER AFFECTED THE UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA
In the course of Pangaea's formation, what is now North America
smashed into northwestern Africa, forming a vast mountain range.
Traces of these mountains still can be found on a belt stretching from
the southern United States to northern Europe, including the
Appalachians.
ALFRED'S DISCOVERY
Alfred Wegener was also accomplished in
Meteorology. Usually, meteorologists start out
as geologists. Alfred Wegener needed
knowledge of meteorology to come up with his
pengae theory because in geology the whole
purpose is to study rocks and minerals to
determine the earth’s history and future. But
our earth survives from the sun, and the
weather.
ALFRED'S DISCOVERY PT 2
But our earth survives from the sun, and the weather. In
Meteorology, all the energy that reaches earth comes from the
sun, and then it is distributed by different atmospheric
processes. Without the rain and the energy from the sun the
earth would eventually die. We depend on it to grow our crops.
This is why it is important to know and understand the weather.
ALFRED'S DISCOVERY PT 3
Alfred Wagner needed knowledge of meteorology
so he could look at past and current records on
the atmospheric changes in order to
scientifically back up his Pangaea theory
without this knowledge. He would have no way
to know what atmospheric changes occurred
that could have caused Pangaea breaking into
pieces.
CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES
Convergent Boundaries is a suture marking
lithosphere plates that have been joined by
plate tectonics to make a major geologic
discontinuity . Earthquakes and volcanoes are
common characteristics of convergent
boundaries.
CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES PT 2
In plate tectonics a convergent boundary also
known as a destructive plate boundary
because of seduction is an actively deforming
region where two or more tectonic plates or
fragments of lithosphere move toward one
another and collide.
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
Divergent boundaries are places where plates are
moving away from each other. When a
divergent boundary occurs beneath oceanic
lithosphere, the rising convection current below
lifts the lithosphere producing a mid-ocean
ridge. Extensional forces stretch the lithosphere
and produce a deep fissure.
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY PT 2
When the fissure opens, pressure is reduced on
the super-heated mantle material below. It
responds by melting and the new magma flows
into the fissure. The magma then solidifies and
the process repeats itself.
HAZARDS OF DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
The hazards that the divergent boundaries cause
are shield volcano's and earthquakes. When
tectonic plates start to diverge, the linear
feature formed is called a rift. Sometimes, the
gap widens and sometimes it stops.
HAZARDS OF DIVERGENT BOUNDARY PT 2
When the gap eventually widens, it then evolves
into a rift valley. Divergent boundaries that
occur between oceanic plates produce midoceanic ridges.
TRANSFORM BOUNDARIES
Transform Boundaries are locations where two
plates slide past one another transform plate
boundary is known as a transform fault. Most
transform boundaries are found in the ocean
basin and in the mid-ocean ridges.
TRANSFORM BOUNDARIES PT 2
transform boundaries is formed between two
different plates, each moving away from the
spreading center of a divergent plate boundary
Transform boundaries are locations of recurring
earthquake activity and faulting. The
earthquakes are usually shallow because they
occur within and between plates that are not
involved in seduction.
TRANSFORM BOUNDARIES PT 3
Volcanic activity is normally not present because
the typical magma sources of an upwelling
convection current or a melting sub ducting
plate are not present. A smaller number of
transform faults cut continental lithosphere.
HAZARDS OF TRANSFORM BOUNDARIES
In transform boundary the tectonic plates will
slip in side ways only. These types of
earthquakes even if the magnitude is more
than 7 in Richter scale and the epicenter in
sea will not create Tsunami. But it will
damage the buildings in it neighbor islands.
TRANSFORM BOUNDARIES & CONTINENTAL
PLATES
In plate tectonics, a convergent boundary can
also be known as a destructive boundary
because of seduction, is an actively deforming
region where two or more tectonic plates or
fragments of lithosphere move toward one
another and collide.
EARTH (:
North American Plate
 Caribbean Plate
 We are in some danger because 15
earthquakes have caused damage in Ohio
witch means that we could or we are in danger
here.

EARTH 2 (:

I think that there might be a earthquake
because of the history with them and that
plates. The United States probably will become
a dangerous and cause a few earthquakes .
WEBSITES USED




http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/plate2.htm
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pangaea
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/techist.html
http://academic.emporia.edu/aberjame/histgeol/wegener/weger
(image)
 http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=divergent+boundaries&FO
RM=BIFD&adlt=strict# (image)
 http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=transform+boundaries&F
ORM=BIFD&adlt=strict# (image)