Transcript Layers of the Earth - University of Dayton

Layers of the Earth
Katie Borucki
Caitlin Hale
Lisa Ruggio
Rachel Sekerak
The Crust
• The outer most region of the Earth
• Mostly made up of basalt and granite
– Igneous rock
• Ranges from 5 km to 10 km at sea level,
and 10 km to 70 km in the continental
regions
• The least dense of all the Earth’s layers
• Temperature ranges from air temperature
to 900 ºC (about 1652 ºF)
The Mantle
• A shell made up of dense rock
• Consists of mostly oxygen, silicon, and
magnesium
• Can be found between 30 and 2,900 km below
the Earth’s crust
• Temperature ranges from 500 ºC near the crust
to 4000 ºC near the core (between 932 and
7232 ºF)
• Where most of the internal heat of the Earth is
located
The Outer Core
• 1,800 - 3,200 miles (2,890-5,150 km) below the earth's surface
• Consists mainly of iron, some nickel and about 10% sulfur and
oxygen
• The temperature in the outer core is about 4000-5000 ºC (7200 9032 ºF)
– Since it is so hot, the outer core is liquid
• The density of the outer core is between the 10g/cm³ and
12.3g/cm³
• Outer core and inner core together cause the earth's magnetism
– Earth’s rotation
• Outer core rotates while inner core does not and this causes the magnetism
• Radiates a natural heat to the upper layers
– Causes convection currents which cause the motion of tectonic plates
The Inner Core
• 3,200 - 3,960 miles (5,150-6,370 km) below the
earth's surface
• Mainly consists of iron, nickel and some lighter
elements (sulfur, carbon, oxygen, silicon and
potassium)
• The temperature in the inner core is about 50006000 ºC (9032 - 10832 ºF)
• Even though the inner core is extremely hot, it is
solid because of high pressures
• The average density of the core is about
15g/cm³
Cookie Activity
Works Cited
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