Transcript Volcanoes (2)

TECTONIC ENVIRONMENTS OF VOLCANISM
Ocean Plate/Continental Plate Convergence:
Stratovolcanoes on a Continental Margin
ANDES MOUNTAINS
Ocean Plate/Ocean Plate Convergence:
Volcanic Island Arcs
Mt. Pinatubo: The Philippene Islands
Mt. Vesuvius
Divergent Plate Boundaries:
Spreading Ridge Volcanism
ICELAND
HOT SPOT VOLCANOES
Mauna Kea: A Shield Volcano
Stratovolcano
Shield Volcano
Olympus Mons: Mars
VOLCANO ERUPTION PREDICTION:
1. Volcanologists need to use scientific
information to accurately predict
eruptions.
2. Communicate information effectively to
government and local officials.
3. Eruption predictions will help save life
and property.
HOW DO GEOLOGISTS PREDICT ERUPTIONS?
1. Doming and Tilting:
HOW DO GEOLOGISTS PREDICT
ERUPTIONS?
2. Seismicity: Changes in the number of earthquakes.
3. Changes in gas emissions:
Example – There is an increase in the amount of
hydrogen gas emitted before Kileaua erupts.
4. Periodicity: Cycles of eruptions
What can we do with predictions?
Hazard Maps
Evacuations
VOLCANIC HAZARDS IN
THE UNITED STATES
Mt. Ranier – Lahar Hazard