Transcript Chapter 13 Section 1 - Sunset Ridge Middle School Earth Science

Chapter 13 Section 1
Volcanoes and Plate
Tectonics
1
 The
cause of many volcanic
eruptions is the movement of
– Earth’s tectonic plates.
2
 Combined
temperature and pressure
in the lower part of Earth’s mantle
keeps rocks
– below their melting point.
3
 Despite
high temperature, most of
the mantle remains solid because of
the
– large of amount of pressure from the
surrounding rock.
4
 Which
of the following is NOT a way
magma can form?
– Addition of fluids, such as water,
increase the melting point of some
minerals in the rock
5
 Magma
rises upward through the
crust because
– The magma is less dense than the
surrounding rock.
6
 Lava
flows from an opening in
Earth’s surface called a
– vent.
Matching




7. volcanism
8. lava
9. batholiths
. volcano
a.
b.
c.
d.
a vent or fissure in Earth’s
surface through which magma
and gases are expelled
any activity that includes the
movement of magma toward
or onto Earth’s surface
magma that flows onto
Earth’s surface; the rock that
forms when lava cools an
solidifies
large plutons that cover an
area of at least 100km2 when
exposed on Earth’s surface
10
A
major zone of active volcanoes
encircling the pacific ocean is called
– the Pacific Ring of Fire.
11
 On
the ocean floor, along the edge of
the continent where the plate is
subducted,
– a deep trench forms.
12
 When
oceanic lithosphere subducts
beneath oceanic lithosphere, magma
rises to the surface to form an
– island arc.
13
 Explain
what happens as magma
comes to the surface where plates
move apart at mid- ocean ridges.
– As plates pull apart, magma flows
upward adding materials to the midocean ridge and creating new
lithosphere.
– The magma erupts to form underwater
volcanoes.
14
 What
is happening in Iceland, where
volcanic eruptions happen along midocean ridges?
– Iceland is divided by the North
American plate and the Eurasian plate.
– Half of Iceland is moving East and the
other half is moving West.
– Magma flows to Earth’s surface through
large fissures in the middle of Iceland.
The End !!!