the earth`s interior
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Transcript the earth`s interior
THE EARTH’S INTERIOR
Layers of the Earth
1. Crust
2. Mantle
3. Core
Vary in size,
composition,
temperature, and
pressure
The Crust
The
layer of rock
that forms Earth’s
outer surface.
Basalt makes up the
oceanic crust
Granite makes up
the continental crust.
5-40 km thick
Temperature is 57° -
The Mantle
The
layer of hot,
solid material
between Earth’s
crust and core
About 40 kilometers
below surface
2,867 km thick
Temperature is
2190° C
Lithosphere – a rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of
the mantle and the crust
Asthenosphere – the soft layer of the mantle on which the
lithosphere floats
The Core
Located
below mantle
3,480 km total thickness
Made mostly of iron and nickel
2 layers: outer core- liquid rock,
2266 km thick, 5624° C
inner core- solid rock,
1216 km thick, 5624° C
Earth’s Magnetic Field
Caused
by the movement of the liquid
outer core
Similar to the magnetic
field on a
Text
gigantic bar magnet
Convection and the Mantle
I. Types of Heat Transfer
•
•
•
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
radiation – the transfer of energy
through space
heat from the sun
heat from a fire
Conduction – heat transfer within a
material or between materials that
are touching
convection – the
transfer of heat by
movement of a fluid
Density -measure of
how much mass there is
in a volume of a
substance
D= M÷V
convection currents – the movement of a
fluid, caused by differences in temperature,
that transfers heat from one part of the fluid
to another