Transcript Did a Massive Volcano Cause Massive Extinction?!

DO - NOW
1. Are volcanoes still erupting around
the world?
2. Do volcanoes provide any benefit to
our Earth?
3. What movement occurs at
convergent boundaries?
4. What is a subduction zone?
5. What movement occurs at
divergent boundaries?
DO NOW
• Create a presentation with your table group on
the topic given to you
• You will have 10 minutes to prepare & 3 minutes
to present
• The purpose is to re-teach your classmates about
your topic in preparation for our quiz tomorrow
• Roles: 2-3 speakers, 2 people writing notes, 1
while preparing, and 1 on the board during the
presentation
During Presentations
• You are 100% focused on your classmates
that are presenting
• You are taking notes
• You are asking questions, if necessary
Yesterday’s Exit Ticket
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is convection?
In which layer does convection take place?
What is the heat source for convection?
Which layer makes up the tectonic plates?
What types of landforms are created at
divergent boundaries?
6. What types of landforms are created at
convergent boundaries?
• Do NOW
Agenda
• YET
• Objective
• TET
• Iceland and their dangers
• -Intro / Youtube video and questions
• - Volcano Discovery Site / Current volcanic activity site
• - Guided Notes
• - Hawaii Article / Anticipation Guide
• - Gallery Crawl of Volcanoes
• - Volcano Diagram Creation
• - Exit Ticket
Objective
• SWBAT explain how volcanoes impact the
lithosphere
• SWBAT Locate volcanoes and relate back to
plate boundaries.
• SWBAT compare magma and lava.
Today’s EXIT TICKET
1. What is the relationship between the temperature of
magma and its viscosity? The higher the temperature,
the more or less viscous the magma?
2. Name the three types of volcanoes AND list them in
the order of least to most violent.
3. What region of the world are the most violent
volcanoes found?
4. Draw a diagram of a cinder cone volcano and label
the main parts (conduit, vent, crater, lava/pyroclastic
material)
Iceland Live!
• http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwoway/2014/09/22/349268575/massive-volcaniceruption-is-making-iceland-grow
VOLCANOES!!!!!!
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jRfEGvp6
wDU
• Take 1 minute to read the questions at the top of
your guided video notes and be prepared to
answer them in complete sentences during the
video!
Map of Volcanoes around
the WORLD!
Volcano Discovery
• http://webcams.volcanodiscovery.com/Kilau
ea
• This site allows you to look at what is currently
happening around the world with volcanoes
and earthquakes!
What is the difference between
magma and lava?
• REVIEW: What is the type of rock that forms when
magma cools and hardens?
Magma is below the Earth and forms intrusive igneous
rock
• What type of rocks forms when lava cools and hardens?
Lava is what comes out of the volcano and forms extrusive
igneous rock
• THEY ARE BOTH TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCK! What’s the
difference?! –Think location…
How a volcano erupts is based
on viscosity.
1. What is viscosity?
• Viscosity is how resistant a substance is to
flowing. For example, honey is more viscous
than water. (It’s thick, flows slowly)
• Magma that contains more silica will be more
viscous, magma that contains less silica will be
less viscous. (flows easily)
• Magma that is very viscous will explode, magma
that is less viscous will flow.
• Lava that is hotter will be less viscous (like if you
heat up honey) and will flow more.
• Lava contains dissolved gases, and if the lava is
very viscous, those bubbles cannot expand.
Instead, the bubbles will explode upwards.
Viscosi – what?!
• If the Shield volcano has faster flowing lava that
creates new land, does it have a high viscosity or low
viscosity?
• If the Composite Cone has a slower flowing lava that
explodes due to the high content of silica, does it
have a high viscosity or low viscosity?
HOT SPOTS!
• Volcanic regions that are fed by the mantle
below and are much hotter than the
mantle in other parts of the world
• Occur at divergent boundaries
Convergent Boundaries:
Subduction
• Convergent boundaries form
volcanic island arcs. These form
over subduction zones
• The plate that is subducted
releases water into the
overriding plate and causes
some rock to melt
• ex: Alaska volcanoes or Mt. St.
Helens – cinder cones
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Cx
hOpk3J7Y
Divergent BoundariesHot Spots
• Divergent boundaries form hot spots – ex:
Hawaiian islands and the RING OF FIRE –
shield volcanoes, composite cones, etc.
Anticipation Guide!
Volcanoes also eject
pyroclastic materials,
• These particles can be as small as ash or
as large as boulders.
There are 3 main types of volcanoes, but they
all have this general form:
Shield Volcanoes
• Made of very fluid lava that spreads really far
and hardened.
• Broad shape
• Lots of island volcanoes (for example, Hawaii)
• Eruptions are not very violent
• Hot spot or subduction?
Cinder cone volcanoes
• Ejects lots of cinders (chunks of pyroclastic
material) that accumulate at the bottom.
• Steep sides
• Short lifespans (usually only erupt once).
• Usually pretty small
• Hot spot or subduction?
Composite cone
volcanoes
• Huge!
• Produce both lava and pyroclastic material that
can reach up to 120 mph!
• Usually found in the Ring of Fire, which is a zone
of volcanoes that circles the Pacific Ocean.
• Can sometimes form lahars, which are mudflows
that are made when lava mixes with water and
soil.
• Hot spot or subduction?
Draw!
Meet the Volcanos
• http://video.pbs.org/vir
• Complete concept map on the volcanos you
met
Calderas
• Calderas are volcanic depressions that are
created when the magma chamber is drained
and the volcano collapses in on itself. Instead of
looking like a mountain, it looks like a valley.
Volcanic necks
• Volcanic necks are formed when a
volcano has been weathered down so
that only the magma conduit (pipe) is
left.
Lava plateaus are made from very lowviscosity lava flowing out of a fissure
(crack) in the ground. The lava spreads
really far and creates a flat landform.
Gallery Crawl and
RAGE+C
1. Read the Mount Kilauea, HI article and
complete response questions
2. Read the Mount Pinatubo, Philippines article
and complete response questions
3. Read the CHALLENGE QUESTION and respond
using RAGE+C
1. AT LEAST 8 SENTENCES!!!
Volcanoes Around the
World
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/earth/natural_di
sasters/supervolcano
Using the materials at your desk, you have 6 minutes to draw all
three types of volcanoes. Your diagrams must include:
1. Drawing of all three types in order from least violent to most violent.
2. Lable the main parts of each. (conduit, vent, crater, lava/pyroclastic material)
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
EXIT TICKET
1. What is the relationship between the temperature of
magma and its viscosity? The higher the temperature,
the more or less viscous the magma.
2. Name the three types of volcanoes AND list them in the
order of least to most violent.
3. What region of the world are the most violent volcanoes
found?
4. Draw a diagram of a cinder cone volcano and lable the
main parts (conduit, vent, crater, lava/pyroclastic
material)