Transcript Volcanoes

Volcanoes
82A
• Genre:
• Nonfiction: Expository nonfiction
selection on volcanoes.
• Selection Summary:
• Science writer Seymor Simon
explains the characteristics of volcanoes
and describes the aftermath of some
well-known eruptions.
1
Volcanoes
82K
• Background
•This theme is about
nature’s power.
•Can anyone name any
volcanoes?
• Read 82-83
2
Volcanoes
• Theme is about nature’s power.
• What are some forces of
nature you have read about?
• This story is about Volcanoes (obviously)
• Text 82-83
• What are volcanoes?
• Volcanoes are openings in the earth’s crust
through which lava and hot gases are ejected.
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Vocabulary
• Transparency 1-18
83A
Practice Book 38
• cinders: charred bits of
rock; ashes
• crater: a bowl-shaped
depression
• crust: the solid outer layer of
earth
• eruption: a volcanic explosion
or large flow of lava
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Vocabulary (cont)
83A
• lava: hot melted rock that
flows from a volcano
• magma: hot melted rock
underneath the earth’s
surface
• molten: made liquid by heat
• summit: the top of a mountain
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Vocabulary Link
• fissures: long, narrow openings;
cracks
• active: able to act or work
• ruptures: breaks or bursts
• oozes: flows or leaks out slowly
• fiery: burning or glowing
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Phonics/Decoding
• What are our Phonics/Decoding
Skills
• These skills are: chunking,
affixes, vowel sounds, beginning
and ending, syllables, words you
know, word parts, root words,
base words, look carefully.
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Phonics/Decoding
83A
• Ten years after the
explosion that formed
Surtsey, another volcano
erupted near Iceland.
• How do we figure out this word? Use your
phonics and decoding skills.
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Reading Strategy
83B
Monitor and Clarify
• Seymour Simon gives lots of
information about volcanoes and how
they are formed. As you read
monitor your understanding, and
reread or use the photos and map to
clarify.
•
Read 84
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Reading Strategy
83B
Monitor and Clarify
• The photos show sparks and fiery lava shooting up
from the earth. This spectacular event terrified
and fascinated ancient people. The photo helps
me understand why the Romans believed that
Vulcan, the god of fire, worked at the hot forge,
striking sparks as he made swords. This was
probably their way of explaining what caused the
fiery lava that shoots up from volcanoes.
• To Monitor your understanding, reread or look at
photos and graphic aids to help you clarify
anything you don’t understand.
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Comprehension Skill
Trans 1-19
83C
Practice Book 39
A category is a group of people, animals,
things, or ideas that are alike.
To classify means to put similar items in
groups according to their similarities.
Sorting information by categorizing and
classifying it helps readers understand
and remember what they read. It also
helps readers understand the things those
categories have in common.
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Decoding Longer Words
Word roots: struct and rupt 105E
The eruption of Mount St. Helens was the most
destructive in the history of the U.S.
A word root is a word part that has meaning but
is not a word by itself.
• Struct
• Means to build
• Destructive has
struct in it
which means to
destroy
• Ex. structure
• Ex. instructions
• Rupt
• Means to break
• Eruption has rupt in
which means a
large explosion
• Ex. interrupted
• Ex. ruptured
practice book 43
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Phonics
105F
Long Vowel Sounds/o/, /oo/, /yoo/
• Understanding long vowel sounds can help you
decode unfamiliar words.
• The letters o-consonant –e, oa, ow, and o can
stand for the /o/ sound ex. blow
• The letters u-consonant-e, ue, ew, u, ui, ou, and
oo can stand for the sound /oo/ ex. fruit
• The letters u-consonant-e, ue, ew, u, and eau can
stand for the /yoo/ sound ex. new
• Ex. The melted or molten, rock is called magma.
• Lava began flowing down the mountainside; there
was another episode of rumbling; Scientists are
no longer clueless about what happens; The
volcano was spewing ash; In a few short months,17
life renews itself.
Spelling
105G
/o/ , /oo/ , /yoo/ sounds
• /oo/ , /yoo/ sound
• /o/ sound
• Rule, clue, blew,
• Stole, boast,
choose, cruise, and
thrown, stroll
route
• Rule, clue, blew, tool,
• bone, toast,
cruise, and route
thrown, and
• Vowel patterns are
stroll
u_e, ue, ew, oo, ui,
• Vowel patterns
ou
are o_e, oa, ow, o • PB 44
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Vocabulary Skills
105I
Dictionary: Definitions
•
Transparency 1-21
• Next to each entry word in the
dictionary is at least one
definition (explanation of the
word’s meaning)
• A sample sentence is often
provided to give an example of
the word’s meaning in context.
•
Practice Book 47
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Grammar Skills
• Singular Nouns
• A noun names a
person, place,
thing, or idea
• ex. Juan,
Texas, truck,
beauty
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Practice book 48 Transparency 1-23
105K
• Plural Nouns
To form plural nouns add –
s or –es ex. cars
If nouns end with an x,s,
ch, sh, or ss then add –
es ex. glasses
If a noun ends with a
consonant + y change the y
to an i and add –es ex.
berries
To form the plural of a
noun ending in a vowel + y,
just add s ex. valleys 20
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More Plural Nouns
105L
• All the children had their own guidebooks.
• What are the plural nouns?
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•
• Rules
1. Some nouns that end with f or fe, the f
changes to a v before –s or –es is added.
ex. half - halves
In nouns that end in o, the plural may be formed
by adding either –s or –es. ex. potatoes
2. Some nouns have plural forms
that do not end in –s or –es. ex. children
3. Some nouns have the same singular
and plural form. ex. deer
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Trans. 1-24
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Practice book 49
Homophones
105R
• Homophones are words that are
pronounced the same way but
have different meanings and
spellings.
• through and threw
• would and wood
• red and read
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Sentence Fragment
• Sentence fragments are sentences that
are missing a subject or a predicate.
• Ex. The big, hairy, ugly dog.
• Ex. Swam all night in the cold, dark pool.
• A complete sentence needs
a subject and a predicate.
• ex. The dog ran.
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Analogies
105R
• Analogies compare one pair of words
with another pair. The words in the
second pair should be related in the
same way as the words in the first
pair.
• Apple is to fruit as red is to
• color
• Ground is to walk as water is to
• swim
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Science Connections
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Information and Study Skills
• Maps and Globes: compass rose- for
directions; map key for symbolizing land
features; map scale for distances.
• Political maps: show political divisions
• Specialized maps may focus on categories
such as vegetation or population.
• Charts are a graphic aid used to compare or
contrast things.
• Tables and graphs
• Transparency 1-20
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Information and Study Skills
• Use tables to find information
• Use a graph to find information
• Locate sites and interpret information
on map
• Caption tells more about the table or
graph.
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Spelling Test
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1. thrown
2. stole
3. clue
4. dew
5. choose
6. rule
7. boast
8. cruise
9. stroll
10. route
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11. mood
12. loaf
13. growth
14. youth
15. slope
16. bruise
17. loose
18. rude
19. flow
20. flute
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Challenge Words
• subdue
• pursuit
• molten
• reproach
• presume
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Study guide for the test
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United Streaming Videos
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Expository writing
Long o, oo, yoo sounds
Singular and plural nouns
Homophones
analogies
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