Transcript 3.2PlateBoundaries

Warm Up
1. What are convection currents and in what layer of
the earth do they occur?
2. In what layer do plate tectonics occur?
3. What does a tectonic plate consist of?
A. The asthenosphere only
B. The oceanic crust and continental crust only
C. The crust and the uppermost mantle
4. What does the theory of plate tectonics help
scientists explain?
5. What is the rigid outer layer of Earth called, which is
made up of the crust and uppermost mantle?
6. What is the driving force for movement of the
lithospheric plates?
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Table of Contents (Unit 3)
Left Side Items
Page
Right Side Items
Page
Layers of Earth Foldable
Earth Layers & Convection
Currents CN
Convection Article
Plate Boundaries CN
Graham Cracker Lab
Plate Boundaries Card Sort
Page
AVID Strategy
W
I
C
O
R
Layers of Earth Foldable
Graham Cracker Lab
Plate Boundaries Card Sort
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Objective and LEQ
• Objective: SWBAT analyze the
relationship between the type of
tectonic plate boundary and the land
formations that develop.
• LEQ: How do the plates of the
lithosphere interact and what are the
outcomes?
3
Activating Strategy!
1) What happens when two cars crash into each other?
2) What happens when you rub your hand against carpet?
3) What happens when you pull apart a Snicker’s candy bar?
4) What did you do yesterday to make sure you are
reaching your goal? What are you going to do today?
**Get started on definitions from lab handout!!**
Inappropriate Behaviors for
Lab Activity
• Talking/disruptive while teacher or
student who has been called on is
talking
• Calling out before being called on
• Head down/off-task/out of seat
• Disrespect-talking back when
consequence is received or refusing to
respond (e.g. Refuse to change seats)
• Unprepared for class (e.g. no pencil) 5
Star Students
• Outstanding Behavior in Classroom
• Follow directions the first time
• Class leaders
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*REVIEW (Exit Ticket from
yesterday)
1. What is convection?
2. Where does convection take place in
the earth?
3. What is the heat source for the
convection?
4. How does convection relate to how
the plates move?
5. How much do lithospheric plates
move each year?
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PLATE BOUNDARIES LAB
1. As a class, we will follow the directions for
each of the four Parts.
2. After each part of the lab (4 Parts), there will
be questions to answer.
3. Answer the questions in complete sentences on
your own sheet.
4. Do not begin the next part of the lab until you
have finished the questions for the previous
part.
PART 1 Method
Convergent (Continental &
Oceanic)
1. Remove one graham cracker.
2. Lay a graham cracker and the science textbook end to end
(against each other). The graham cracker represents the thin
but dense oceanic plate and the science textbook represents the
thicker but less dense continental plate. Now you are ready to
model a convergent plate boundary.
3. Slowly push the graham cracker and science textbook
toward each other. Gently push the graham cracker under the
textbook; you will have to lift the textbook in order to do this.
This models what occurs on Earth’s surface as an oceanic plate
is subducted under a continental plate.
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4. Make observations and answer questions for Part 1.
PART 1 Observations & Qs
Convergent (Continental & Oceanic)
1) What type of plate does the textbook represent?
2) What type of plate does the graham cracker represent?
3) What happens when a piece of crust is subducted? Describe
what you see
4) Where does this type of boundary activity take place on
Earth?
5) What features are formed along the subduction zone (p
262)? ________________ and _______________
6) Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary.
Label each type of plate.
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PART 2 Method
Divergent (Oceanic & Oceanic)
1. Break a whole graham cracker in half following the
perforations on the cracker. You should have two graham
cracker squares.
2. Using a plastic knife/spoon, spread a thin (about the
thickness of a playing card) layer of frosting on the center of
the paper towel
3. Lay the two pieces of graham cracker on the frosting and
gently pressing down push them together. Now you are ready
to begin modeling a divergent plate boundary.
4. To imitate the result of diverging oceanic plates, press down
lightly on the crackers as you slowly push them apart. Do not
push the crackers more than one centimeter.
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5. Make observations and answer questions for Part 2.
PART 2 Observations & Qs
Divergent (Oceanic & Oceanic)
7) What happens to the frosting between the graham
crackers, how does it look?
8) What do each of the graham crackers represent?
9) What does the frosting represent?
10)Where does this type of plate boundary activity take
place on Earth?
11)What type of feature is produced by this type of
plate movement?
12)Draw a picture to show what happened at this
boundary. Label each type of plate.
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PART 3 Method
Convergent (Continental x2)
• Reuse the two graham cracker squares used in Part 1 and
Part 2.
• Break the graham cracker into four rectangles following the
perforations. Set aside two graham cracker pieces for Part 4.
• Using two graham cracker rectangles, dip one end of both
graham crackers about 2 centimeters into a cup of water.
Immediately remove the crackers and lay them end to end
on the frosting with the wet edges nearly touching. Now
you are ready to model a convergent plate boundary.
• Slowly push the two graham crackers together, modeling the
convergence between two continental plates. The wet end of
the graham crackers will curl and fold upwards as the
graham crackers are pushed together.
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• Make observations and answer questions for part 3.
PART 3 Observations & Qs
Convergent (Continental x2)
13)What does the graham cracker represent?
14)In what way are the wet graham crackers more like
the real crustal plates than the dry graham
crackers?
15)What feature is represented where curling and
folding occurred at the ends of the wet graham
cracker?
16)Where does this type of boundary activity take
place on Earth?
17)Draw a picture to show what happened at this
boundary. Label each type of plate.
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PART 4 Method
Transform Fault
• Use the last two graham cracker pieces for this part of the
lab.
• Fit the two pieces together end to end on top of the frosting
on the paper towel. Now you are ready to model a
transform plate boundary.
• Place one hand on each of the graham crackers and push
them together by applying steady, moderate pressure. At the
same time, also push one of the pieces away from you
while pulling the other toward you. If you do this part
correctly, the graham cracker should hold while you
increase the push-pull pressure, but will finally break form
the opposite forces.
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• Make observations and answer questions for part 4.
PART 4 Observations & Qs
Transform Fault
18)Why is this movement often described as
“horizontal sliding?”
19)Where does this type of boundary activity take
place on Earth?
20)What famous fault is associated with this type of
movement?
21)As you modeled this type of fault, nothing
happened at the beginning, but as the pressure
increased, the graham crackers finally broke. How
is this similar to the situation in California
22)Draw a picture to show what happened at this
boundary. Label each type of plate.
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Chart from Graham Cracker Lab
CONVERGENT
DRAW
DESCRIBE
FEATURES
LITHOSPHERE CREATED/
DESTROYED/NEITHER
REAL WORLD
DIVERGENT
TRANSFORM
Chart from Graham Cracker Lab
CONVERGENT
DIVERGENT
TRANSFORM
DESCRIBE
Plates collide/come
together
Plate
separate/divide
Plates slide past in
opposite directions
FEATURES
Mountains,
Rift valleys, Oceanic
ridges
Earthquakes
LITHOSPHERE CREATED/
DESTROYED/NEITHER
Destroyed
Created
Neither
REAL WORLD
Himalayas
African Rift Valley
San Andreas fault
DRAW
Cornell Notes!
• Write what is in RED!!!
What happens at convergent
boundaries?
• Plate collide/come together.
• What features are created?
– Mountains
• What happens to the lithosphere?
– Destroyed
IRL: Himalayan Mountains
What happens at a divergent
boundary?
• Plates move apart/separate.
• What features are created?
– Rift valleys
– Oceanic ridges
• What happens to the lithosphere?
– Created
IRL: African Rift Valley
What happens at transform fault
boundaries?
• Plates slide horizontally
• What feature occurs?
– Earthquakes
• What happens to the lithosphere?
– Neither created nor destroyed.
IRL: San Andreas Fault
PLATE BOUNDARIES
This is Ms. Guffey with her sister, Emilie, and her
brother, Alex.
Emilie
Alex
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
After high school, Ms. Guffey
moved away to Wilmington,
NC for college.
Ms. Guffey diverged
from her sisters.
CONVERGENT BOUNDARY
After college, Ms. Guffey and her sister Emilie
moved to Columbia, SC.
Ms. Guffey and Emilie converged.
TRANSFORM FAULT BOUNDARY
Ms. Guffey and Airell were always bumping into
one another.
This caused earthquakes
Airell
WHAT
TYPE
OF
BOUNDARY?
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
What type of plate is the arrow below pointing
to?
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
The picture below shows the San Andreas fault in
California. Many earthquakes occur here. What
type of fault is this?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
What type of landform is created by the
boundary below?
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
What is indicated by the arrow below?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary leads to the destruction
of lithosphere?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary leads to the formation of
lithosphere?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary neither forms or destroys
the lithosphere?
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
What type of plate is the arrow below pointing
to?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
Which layer of the earth is the smiley face on?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What process inside the earth is shown in the
picture below?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary formed the mountains in
the picture below? What type of plates form
this boundary?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary is shown in the picture
below?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary
formed the mountains in
the picture below?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
Which type of boundary is the arrow pointing to?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What do scientists call the area that is circled
below?
PLATE TECTONICS
PLATE TECTONICS
for Earth Scientists
PLATE TECTONICS
CONVERGENT: p 261-263
DIVERGENT: p 258-260
TRANSFORM FAULT: p264
Label major features:
subduction zone, trench,
lithosphere, asthenosphere
•NAME OF BOUNDARY
•DEFINE
oDescribe what
happens here in at least
two sentences
•CHARACTERISTICS
oIs lithosphere created,
destroyed, or neither?
Explain your answer.
•EXAMPLES
o What is a real life
example?
PLATE BOUNDARIES BOOK
1)
CONVERGENT: p 261-263
2)
DIVERGENT: p 258-260
3)
TRANSFORM FAULT: p 264
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
First & Last Name
Color Block
Date
PLATE TECTONICS
REAL LIFE EXAMPLES
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Himalayan Mountains
At the border of India and
Asia.
Tallest mountain range in
the world and includes
Mount Everest.
Himalayan Mountains
East African Rift Valley
Located in East Africa.
Runs for thousands of miles.
Has created great lakes and
the largest waterfall in the
world.
This is the beginning of the
breakup of a continent. As
the rifting continues, it will
lengthen and deepen and
eventually will split the
continent and in two.
East African Rift Valley
San Andres Fault
The San Andreas Fault
is a continental
transform boundary
that runs a length of
roughly 810 miles
through California
It forms the tectonic
boundary between the
Pacific Plate and the
North American Plate.
It is the most studied
fault on the planet.
San Andres Fault
1. What type of boundary occurs where two plates crush into one
another?
a. Tectonic plate boundary
b. Divergent boundary
Exit
c. Convergent boundary
d. Transform fault boundary
Ticket
2) Ryan is visiting the mountains in Colorado. What type of tectonic plate
boundary is Ryan near?
a. Tectonic plate boundary
b. Divergent boundary
c. Convergent boundary
d. Transform fault boundary
3) What happens at a divergent boundary?
a. The two plates move towards each other.
b. The two plates move away from each other.
c. One plate is forced underneath the other plate
d. The two plates grind past one another
Exit Ticket
4) Which type of plate boundary destroys
lithosphere?
a. Tectonic plate boundary
b. Divergent boundary
c. Convergent boundary
d. Transform fault boundary
5) What was the main question that the theory of
plate tectonics answered?
a. How the earth rotates on its axis
b. How new rocks are formed
c. How the weather happens
d. How were the continents able to move from
Pangaea to their present location