Transcript review for the test

Folded mountains form
• When isostasy occurs
• When continents collide (like Asia and
India, and the Himalayas)
• When continents diverge
• After earthquakes
When the oceanic and
continental lithospheres
collide
•
•
•
•
Oceanic plates subduct
Continental plates subduct
They stop each other
They reach isostasy
What happens when two
oceanic plates collide?
•
•
•
•
The denser plate fractures
The less dense plate fractures
The less dense plate subducts
The denser plate subducts
What type of mountain is
formed when higher blocks
fault?
•
•
•
•
A folded mountain
A salt-block mountain
A fault-block mountain
A flawed-block mountain
What happens when two
continental plates collide?
•
•
•
•
Large mountains can form
Dome mountain are likely to form
The plates subduct beneath each other
The impact can cause large
earthquakes
What is subduction?
•
•
•
•
Once plate collides with another
One plate destroys another
One plate goes beneath another
One plate divides another
Which of these are all types of
mountains
•
•
•
•
Rolling, glacial, subterranean, cascades
Rocky, green, smoky, white
Fault-block, dome, volcanic, folded
Salt-block, dome,magmun,frozen
What happens when oceanic
and continental plates collide?
• The asthenosphere and the lithosphere
are disrupted
• The continental lithosphere subducts
beneath the oceanic lithosphere
• Mountains can be created through uplift
and volcanic eruptions.
• Valleys are created by the excessive
energy release
A dome mountain is a
mountain formed
• By the collision of continental plates
• By the eruption of magma from below
Earth’s surface and out the top.
• When faults break off dome-shaped
rocks
• By pressure from magma below Earth’s
surface that does NOT erupt
A volcanic mountain is formed
by
• The uplift of rock during continental
plate collisions
• Rock layers that are bent and squeezed
• Pressure of magma that does NOT
erupt on the Earth’s surface.
• Magma eruptions on Earth’s surface
What are the fasted waves?
•
•
•
•
P waves
T waves
S waves
Q waves
Earthquakes generally occur
at plate boundaries where
•
•
•
•
Stress on rocks is greatest
The most rocks found
Stress on rocks is low
Magnetic pull is greatest
To find the distance to an
earthquake’s epicenter,
scientists
• Chart the lag time between preshocks and
aftershocks
• Use radio wave detection devices
• Analyze the arrival times of P and S
waves.
• Analyze the arrival times of Love waves an
Rayleigh waves.
If you are in a car during an
earthquake, you should
•
•
•
•
Drive to a bridge
Stop in a safe place
Get out and run like the wind
Park east of tall buildings
What happens to tsunamis as
the move toward shore?
•
•
•
•
They decrease in height
The die out
They turn to riptides
They increase in height
Which is NOT a cause of
tsunamis?
•
•
•
•
Volcanic eruption
Tornado
Undersea landslide
Undersea earthquake
P waves are also known as
•
•
•
•
Secondary waves
Compression waves
Love waves
Rayleigh waves
How do scientist find the
epicenter of an earthquake
• By comparing arrival times of P and S
waves
• By digging as several locations
• By comparing departure times of P and
S waves
• By looking at satellite photos of
tsunamis
Why do earthquakes usually
occur at plate boundaries
• The rock at the edges of tectonic plates is
soft, and gives easily
• Rock at the edges of tectonic plates is under
great stress.
• The boundaries between tectonic plates have
been seismically active for millions of years
• The last place that motion in an earthquake is
detected.
This area is both a major
earthquake zone and volcano
zone.
•
•
•
•
Pacific ring of volcanoes
Pacific ring of fire
Oceanic ring of fire
Pacific island arc
Lichens and moss produce
weathering agents called
•
•
•
•
Exfoliation
Organic activities
Organic acids
Sulfuric acids
Which of the following is NOT
an agent of mechanical
weathering
•
•
•
•
Ice
Wind
Acid
Gravity
Abrasion is caused by all of
the following EXCEPT
•
•
•
•
Wind
Water
Ice wedging
Gravity
How does the amount of a
rock’s surface area affect
weathering?
•
•
•
•
Larger area, more weathering
Larger area, less weathering
Smaller area, more weathering
No affect at all
Plant and animal activities
cause what king of weathering
•
•
•
•
Chemical
Mechanical
Chemical and mechanical
None at all
Climates that have the fastest
rate of weathering are
•
•
•
•
Hot and dry
Hot and wet
Cold and dry
Cold and then hot
Steep slopes have high
amounts of what kind of
weathering
•
•
•
•
Chemical
Mechanical
Chemical and mechanical
None
Tropical climates generally
form soil in which the “B”
horizon is covered in a thin
layer of
Sand
Rock
Humus
Clay
In which of the following
erosion processes is gravity
NOT a major factor
•
•
•
•
Creep
Mudflow
Dust storm
Slump
Which of the following is an
example of a peneplain?
•
•
•
•
Low, rolling hills
Sand dunes
Valleys
Ponds
In what kind of climate is the
weathering rate the slowest
•
•
•
•
Cold, wet
Alternating hot and cold
Hot and dry
Warm and humid
When overlying rocks are removed from granite
that was formed deep beneath Earth’s surface
decreases, and the granite forms long curved
cracks called
•
•
•
•
Exfoliation
Joints
Gullies
Valleys