Transcript File Vocabulary

NITROGEN CYCLE
• The movement
of nitrogen from
the nonliving
environment
into living things
and back
WATER CYCLE
• The continuous
movement of
water through
the atmosphere,
the ground,
bodies of water,
and living things
CARBON CYCLE
• The movement
of carbon from
the nonliving
environment
into living things
and back
POLLUTION
• The presence
of harmful of
unwanted
levels of
substances in
the
environment
ROCK CYCLE
• The continual
process by
which new
rock is formed
from old roc k
material
LITHOSPHERE
• “Rock Sphere” –
the cool, rigid,
outermost layer
of the Earth that
is divided into
pieces called
tectonic plates
IGNEOUS
• Rock that
forms when
hot, liquid
rock cools
and hardens
SEDIMENTARY
• Rock that
forms when
pieces of rocks
or minerals are
“glued”
together
METAMORPHIC
• Rock that
forms when
existing rock is
heated and
squeezed deep
inside the
Earth
UPLIFTING
• The rising of
regions of
Earth’s crust
to higher
elevations
WEATHERING
• The process by
which water,
ice, wind, and
heat act to
break down
rocks
EROSION
• The process by
which wind,
water, ice, and
gravity remove
and transport
material from
one place to
another
DEPOSITION
• Process by
which
sediments are
deposited/dro
pped in a new
location
LAVA
• Magma that
reaches the
Earth’s
surface
MAGMA
• Hot, liquid
rock material
THEORY OF CONTINENTAL DRIFT
• The theory that
continents can
drift apart from
one another
and have done
so in the past
THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS
• The theory that
the lithosphere is
divided into
tectonic plates
that move
around on top of
the
asthenosphere
CONVERGENT BOUNDARY
• The
boundary
between two
colliding
tectonic
plates
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
• The boundary
between two
tectonic plates
that are
moving away
from each
other
TRANSFORM BOUNDARY
• The boundary
between two
tectonic
plates that
are sliding
past each
other
SUBDUCTION
• When oceanic
lithosphere sinks
down into the
asthenosphere
at a convergent
boundary
TECTONIC PLATE
• Huge pieces of
the lithosphere
that move
around on top of
the
asthenosphere.
CONVECTION CURRENTS
• The circular
motion of liquids
or gases caused
by density
differences that
result from
temperature
differences
FAULT
• The type of
strain that
occurs when
rocks break
because of
stress
FOLD
• They type of
strain that
occurs when
rocks bend
because of
stress
NORMAL FAULT
• A fault in
which the
hanging wall
moves down
because of
tension.
REVERSE FAULT
• A fault in
which the
hanging wall
moves up
because of
compression.
STRIKE-SLIP FAULT
• A fault in
which the
plates move
horizontally
past each
other because
of shearing.
TENSION
• A force that
causes rocks
to be pulled
apart
COMPRESSION
• The type of
stress in which
an object is
squeezed, as
when two
plates collide
SHEARING
• A force that
causes rocks
to slide
horizontally
past each
other
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