Transcript Quarter 2 Review

Fossils
Plate
Tectonics
Volcanoes
and
Earthquakes
10
10
10
10
20
20
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
30
40
40
40
40
40
50
50
50
50
50
Earth’s
Layers
Geologic
Time
10
Earth’s Layers- 10 points
QUESTION:
•What is the order of the layers of the earth thickest to
thinnest?
ANSWER:
•Mantle, outer core, inner core, crust.
Earth’s Layers– 20 Points
QUESTION:
•What is the order of the layers of the earth hottest to coolest?
ANSWER:
•Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust.
Earth’s Layers– 30 Points
QUESTION:
•Which layer is made up of the upper mantle and crust?
ANSWER:
•Lithosphere
Earth’s Layers– 40 Points
QUESTION:
•Which layer is the thickest and approximately how thick is
it?
ANSWER:
•Mantle is the thickest, it is 67% of the earth’s mass, and about
2,900 km thick or 1801.98 miles thick.
Topic 1 – 50 Points
QUESTION:
•Give me three details about the inner and outer core.
ANSWER:
•Inner core: solid, found through seismic waves, made of
nickel and iron, center of the earth. 3,000 times hotter than
the sun.
•Outer core: liquid layer, made of iron and nickel, found
through seismic waves, causes magnetic field
Geologic Time Scale– 10 Points
QUESTION:
•Order from oldest to youngest: epoch, era, eon, period.
ANSWER:
•Eon, Era, Period, Epoch
Points
QUESTION:
•Order from oldest to youngest: Cenozoic, Paleozoic,
Mesozoic, and Pre-Cambrian.
ANSWER:
•Pre-Cambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
Points
QUESTION:
•What events occurred in the Pre-cambrian?
ANSWER:
•Boiling rock, 2 continents, single celled life
Points
QUESTION:
•What occurred at the Paleozoic Era
ANSWER:
•Pangea forms, Explosion of Marine life, Life moves to
land, Reptiles, Amphibians and Insects Appeared.
•(Pangea is also considered to be formed in the early
Mesozoic era).
Points
QUESTION:
What era did humans walk the earth?
ANSWER:
•Cenozoic
Fossils– 10 Points
QUESTION:
•What is the definition of fossil?
ANSWER:
•The actual remains of a plant or animal are preserved.
Fossils– 20 Points
QUESTION:
•What type of fossil is caused when the organism is covered
in tree sap?
ANSWER:
•Amber Fossil
Fossils– 30 Points
QUESTION:
•What are examples of trace fossils?
ANSWER:
•Tracks, burrows, eggs, any evidence that an organism once
lived that is not an original remain.
Fossils– 40 Points
QUESTION:
•Explain the difference between a cast and a mold.
ANSWER:
•Mold is a mark or cavity made in soft sediment, cast is when the
form of the organism is fills the cavity left behind by the
organism.
Fossils– 50 Points
QUESTION:
•What are the definitions of rock, asphalt, frozen, and
petrified fossils?
ANSWER:
• Rock- organism quickly covered in sediment.
•Asphalt-Organism is trapped in tar pit.
•Frozen- When extremely cold temperatures preserve an
organism
•Petrified-when organism is placed in saturated water and
replaced by minerals
Plate Tectonics– 10 Points
QUESTION:
•What boundary creates earthquakes?
ANSWER:
•Transform
Plate Tectonics– 20 Points
QUESTION:
•Draw arrows to show which way divergent, convergent, and
transform boundaries move.
ANSWER:
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Plate Tectonics– 30 Points
QUESTION:
•How do plate tectonics move?
ANSWER:
•Plate tectonics move through convection currents when
material heats up it expands and rises to the surface, when it
nears the surface it cools and becomes more dense making the
material sink.
Plate Tectonics– 40 Points
QUESTION:
•Draw the convection currents for divergent and convergent
boundaries.
ANSWER:
Plate Tectonics– 50 Points
QUESTION:
•What are the geologic features that can happen at convergent
and divergent boundaries?
ANSWER:
• Divergent (O-O): Sea-floor spreading, Mid-ocean ridges.
•Divergent (C-C): Rift Valley
•Convergent (C-C): Subduction, trench, mountains
•Convergent (C-O):Subduction, trench, volcanoes
•Convergent (O-O): Subduction, trench
Volcanoes – 10 Points
QUESTION:
•What are the three types of volcanoes and which ones are
explosive and/or non-explosive?
ANSWER:
•Shield- non-explosive
•Composite- explosive
•Cinder-cone- explosive
Volcanoes– 20 Points
QUESTION:
•What is the Richter Scale?
ANSWER:
•A scale of 1-10 ten being the most ground movement. From
a 1-2 it is 10 times more ground movement, 1-3 is 100 times
more ground movement.
Earthquakes– 30 Points
QUESTION:
• How are Volcanoes formed?
ANSWER: Volcanoes are formed at two plate boundaries,
divergent and convergent. At divergent plates the plates diverge
creating rift zones where mantle rock the rises to fill the gap and
pressure decreases. Lava that flows from undersea rift zones
produce volcano chains also known as mid-oceans.
• When convergent plates collide the more dense oceanic crust
sinks below the mantle. The temperature and pressure increase
causing the water contained in the oceanic crust to be released.
The water then mixes with the mantle rock which lowers the
rock’s melting point, causing it to melt. This body of magma
can rise to form a volcano.
Earthquakes– 40 Points
QUESTION:
What are surface, S and P waves?
ANSWER:
Surface waves- dangerous waves produce motion along the
surface. Moves the slowest.
•S waves –Shearing motion side to side, perpendicular to
travel direction, slower than p waves, only can move through
solids no liquids.
•P waves- Fastest waves, go through solids and liquids,
compressive waves(bump adjacent particles with back and
forth motion), Body waves (travel through the earth),recorded
first.
Earthquakes– 50 Points
QUESTION:
How is the epicenter of an earthquake found?
ANSWER:
1. Collect seismograph reading from several locations.
2. Use S-P method to find how far the earthquake traveled
from seismograph station where seismograph was taken
from.
3. Using the distances of each seismograph station draw
three circles using the distances from the S-P method and
the stations location as origin point. Where all three
circles touch is the epicenter of the earthquake.