Transcript Earth Sci Review

Earth Science Review
This is review for the GA Milestones test.
On a piece of notebook paper, head your paper
with your name, homeroom and Earth Science.
Number your paper - 1-50. You only need to write
the letter of the correct answer on your paper. You
are welcome to use your ISN or your book to
answer the questions. You may work with a partner
if you pick your partner wisely.
Good luck and turn it in to the science basket
when you are done.
Question 1
Which one of the following is MOST LIKELY
to make a rock break open?
A. dew evaporating on the rock
B. tree leaves decaying on the rock
C. snow melting in a crack in the rock
D. water freezing in a crack in the rock
Question 2
What instrument does a geologist use
to record the motions produced by an
earthquake?
A. a seismograph
B. an anemometer
C. a spectrograph
D. an optometer
Question 3
In which state would an earthquake MOST
LIKELY occur?
A. Kentucky
B. Georgia
C. California
D. Oklahoma
Question 4
Why are the rocks and pebbles found in
riverbeds usually smooth?
A. The rocks are very old.
B. Animals in the river keep rubbing against
the rocks.
C. Rivers only flow where rocks are smooth.
D. The rocks are worn smooth by rubbing
against other rocks.
Question 5
The time it takes for a mountain range to
form is
A. less than 10 years.
B. between 10 and 50 years.
C. between 50 and 100 years.
D. more than 100 years.
Question 6
Which statement describes a volcano
erupting?
A. Glacier materials are moved by gravity.
B. Magma is forced out of an opening in Earth's
crust.
C. Pressure in Earth's crust causes layers of rock
to slide.
D. Pressure in Earth's crust becomes so great that
the layers of rock buckle and fold
Question 7
In many places, sand is being pumped from
the sea floor onto the beaches. Why is there
a need to put sand on beaches?
A. The sand on the beaches wears out.
B. Wave action causes erosion of the sand.
C. Too much sand is piled into sand dunes.
D. Old, dirty sand has to be replaced.
Question 8
Which example shows how Earth's surface
has been changed by fast-moving water?
A. earthquake
B. canyon
C. volcano
D. freshwater lake
Question 9
Which is an example of chemical
weathering?
A. rocks hitting each other in a swift river
B. a strong wind blowing sand through a
canyon
C. ice forming in cracks in rocks
D. acidic water dissolving limestone
Question 10
Which solution helps to control floods?
A. using contour plowing
B. building bridges over rivers that flood
C. building control dams and levees
D. creating deltas at the end of rivers that
flood
Question 11
Which conservation method would help
prevent erosion of topsoil from a large field
that is flat and unprotected?
A. building windbreaks
B. dam construction
C. contour plowing
D. building terraces
Question 12
Do earthquakes occur underwater?
A. No, earthquakes have to occur on land.
B. Yes, and they can cause huge tidal waves
to occur.
C. No, only volcanoes occur underwater.
D. Yes, but they have no effect on the ocean
waters.
Question 13
The natural process of rocks gradually
breaking up and being worn away over time
is known as
A. weathering.
B. cementing.
C. sedimentation.
D. melting.
Question 14
Where does most eroded soil end up?
A. in new agricultural lands
B. in the desert
C. in the sediment of rivers
D. in rock slides
Question 15
The flattest part of the ocean floor is the
A. trench.
B. abyssal plain.
C. continental shelf.
D. mid-ocean rift valley.
Question 16
In which of the following areas would soil
erosion MOST LIKELY occur if they
received the same amount of rainfall?
A. a forest
B. flat agricultural lands
C. agricultural lands on steep slopes
D. restored prairies
Question 17
Because of the formation of new crust on its
floor, the Atlantic Ocean
A. is growing wider.
B. is getting narrower.
C. has fewer mountains.
D. has lost some of its fishing grounds.
Question 18
Water inside a rock crevice can split it apart
when the temperature drops because
A. cold water dissolves rock.
B. water expands when it freezes.
C. water causes the growth of plant roots.
D. the cold makes the rock very brittle.
Question 19
Waves on the Atlantic Ocean are caused by
A. the Gulf Stream.
B. the tidal current.
C. the wind.
D. the jet stream.
Question 20
Which characteristic of oceans shows that
they are in constant motion?
A. their organisms
B. their shape
C. their depth
D. their tides
Question 21
"Rivers" of water in oceans and other bodies
of water are called
A. currents.
B. tides.
C. surf.
D. sandbars.
Question 22
Today, oceanographers map the ocean floor
using sonar techniques. These techniques
were adapted from the original sonar
systems developed for
A. divers.
B. locating fish.
C. submarine detection.
D. communicating with dolphins.
Question 23
Which is washed away MOST EASILY by
erosion?
A. topsoil
B. subsoil
C. bedrock
D. magma
Question 24
Changes in Earth's surface can be slow or
fast. Which of these is the BEST example of
a slow change?
A. volcanic eruption
B. weathering
C. landslide
D. earthquake
Question 25
When a volcano no longer erupts, the
magma inside the vent cools and forms
A. melted igneous rock.
B. ash.
C. cinders.
D. solid igneous rock
Question 26
How were the Hawaiian islands formed?
A. by an earthquake
B. by volcanoes
C. by tidal waves
D. by wind erosion
Question 27
Mr. Gramza owns a large farm in
southwestern Georgia. This year, he plans to leave
several fields fallow (without crops). What should
Mr. Gramza do to prevent soil erosion on the
empty fields?
A. Plant grass to hold the soil.
B. Water the empty fields regularly.
C. Fertilize the soil throughout the growing season.
D. Plow the soil deeply and regularly.
Question 28
Which describes the landform from which
melted rock is forced out of an opening in
Earth's surface?
A. fault
B. erosion
C. volcano
D. folded mountain
Question 29
Which causes some parts of the ocean to be
saltier than other parts?
A. cruise ships
B. river sediments
C. fishing industry
D. ocean organisms
Question 30
The Mississippi River deposits soil as it
empties into the Gulf of Mexico. This
example shows that
A. rocks can dissolve in water.
B. flowing water carries soil from place to
place.
C. salt water is denser than freshwater.
D. Earth's land area keeps growing.
Question 31
The formation of a gorge is MOST LIKELY a
result of
A. earthquakes.
B. volcanoes.
C. water erosion.
D. plate tectonics.
Question 32
Which is NOT an effect of sewage put into
the ocean?
A. growth of bacteria
B. growth of algae
C. growth of coral
D. death of marine life
Question 33
Which explains how water in a river erodes a rock?
A. The water's weight compresses rock molecules.
B. The rock becomes filled with water and breaks
apart.
C. The water dissolves the outer part of the rock.
D. The particles carried by the water grind the rock
down.
Question 34
Which landform results when one of Earth's
plates slides past another?
A. faults
B. plateaus
C. mountains
D. deltas
Question 35
Your teacher tells you to bring an item to
class that shows evidence of erosion. Which
of the following would be the BEST to bring?
A. a piece of lava from a volcanic area
B. a crystal from the inside of a geode
C. a piece of slate from a slate quarry
D. a round rock from a streambed
Question 36
A moving portion of Earth's crust and upper
mantle is called a|
A. fault.
B. fold.
C. plate.
D. ridge.
Question 37
What is a common cause of mudflows?
A. strong winds
B. extreme cold
C. extreme heat
D. heavy rains
Question 38
Waves breaking on a beach will change it
over time. If sediments are moved into the
ocean by wave action,
A. the beach area will decrease.
B. the beach area will increase.
C. the beach area will become more level.
D. the particles on the beach will become
smaller.
Question 39
What causes earthquakes?
A. energy being released when crustal
plates move
B. energy from a hurricane or tornado
C. energy that builds up inside a volcanic
mountain
D. energy being released when erosion
occurs
Question 40
What causes the MOST erosion on Earth?
A. running water
B. wind
C. chemical action
D. glaciers
Question 41
Technology can help to control the natural
force of
A. volcanoes.
B. water.
C. earthquakes.
D. plate tectonics
Question 42
Which is a device that is used to gather
information about formations on the ocean
bottom?
A. sonar
B. radar
C. MRI
D. laser
Question 43
Which landforms are a result of deposition?
A. beaches and river deltas
B. mountains and valleys
C. bays and peninsulas
D. plateaus and mesas
Question 44
Limestone is a sedimentary rock. How does
acid rain affect limestone?
A. Acid rain causes limestone to become
magma.
B. Acid rain turns limestone into slate.
C. Acid rain builds up limestone.
D. Acid rain breaks down limestone.
Question 45
Which human activity does NOT help control
water runoff?
A. contour plowing
B. planting crops
C. building flood control dams
D. paving with asphalt
Question 46
Mount Arenal, a volcano in Costa Rica, is
erupting. Heat is being released during the
eruption. The source of the heat is
A. the Sun.
B. pools of underground water.
C. deep within Earth.
D. decaying plants and animals.
Question 47
During winter's cold weather, water within
cracks in rocks freezes, expands, and
causes the rocks to break. This process is
called
A. weathering.
B. erosion.
C. despoiling.
D. purging
Question 48
Which conditions are necessary for dust
storms to occur?
A. wet, humid conditions
B. cold, cloudy conditions
C. dry, windy conditions
D. hot, moist conditions
Question 49
What hard-shelled ocean creature attaches
itself to rocks, piers, large fish, and other
underwater objects?
A. plankton
B. coral
C. barnacle
D. algae
Question 50
Major earthquakes are caused by
A. molten lava.
B. underground rivers.
C. pressures inside Earth.
D. violent weather.