Transcript 1. Why aren`t the following substances minerals?

Review Answers
1. Why aren’t the following
substances minerals?
a.
Milk
–
–
–
–
b.
not solid
doesn’t have a definite composition
not inorganic (is organic)
doesn’t have a crystal structure
Soil
–
–
c.
doesn’t have a crystal structure
doesn’t have a definite composition
Bone
–
–
–
doesn’t have a crystal structure
not inorganic (is organic)
doesn’t have a definite composition
2. If a mineral can/can’t be
scratched by …
Calcite – must be less than 3
Talc – must be greater than 1
Mineral is between 1 and 3, or about 2
3. If a mineral can scratch…
Feldspar – must be greater than 6
4. If a mineral can’t scratch…
Apatite – must be less than 5
What is luster?
• Luster is how a mineral reflects light.
6. What is streak?
• Streak is the color of a mineral in powdered
form.
• Streak is found by scraping the mineral on a
tile.
7. What is the difference
between cleavage and fracture?
• Minerals with cleavage break evenly.
• Minerals with fracture break unevenly.
8. Which of the following are
sediments?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Gravel – large sediment
Soil – not sediment (contains sediment)
Sand – medium sediment
Pebbles – large sediment
Erosion – not sediment (carrying sediment
away)
Sediment is bits of rock.
9 How does any type of rock
become metamorphic rock?
• Metamorphic rock forms when another type
of rock is put under extreme heat and
pressure.
10. What is the difference
between igneous rock that cools
above and below ground?
• Igneous rock that cools above ground cools
quickly and has small or no crystals.
• Igneous rock that cools below ground cools
slowly and has large crystals.
11. What two processes are need
to form igneous rock?
• Melting and cooling are needed to form
igneous rock.
12. All soil forms from
weathered…
• Bedrock (rock).
13. Wind abrasion is an example
of _______ weathering.
• Mechanical weathering because rock is
physically broken down by sand scraping
against it.
14. Complete the chart
Layer
Characteristic
Crust
State of
mattter
Solid
Mantle
Solid
Flexible
Outer core
Liquid
Metal
Inner core
Solid
Metal
Easily cracks
16. Draw a picture of the process
in the mantle that moves the
tectonic plates.
•
17. What is the difference
between a convergent and
divergent boundary?
• Divergent – moving apart
• Convergent – moving together
15. Name one piece of evidence
Wegener used to support his
continental drift theory.
1. Identical fossils were found on distantly
separated continents.
2. Climate data suggested cold-weather continents
had once been tropical.
3. The outlines of the continents fit together like
puzzle pieces.
18. Which type of fault occurs
along a transform boundary?
• Strike-slip faults occur along transform
boundaries.
19. Seafloor spreading forms
what underwater mountain
range?
• Seafloor spreading forms the mid-ocean
ridge.
20. What are the two types of
seismic waves?
• P-waves travel faster and compress and
expand along the wave.
• S-waves travel more slowly and move up
and down and side to side.
21. What is the origin of the
earthquake called?
22. Why do earthquakes and
volcanoes often occur in the same
areas?
• Both earthquakes and volcanoes are found
along plate boundaries where friction causes
rock to melt and the crust to crack and
move.