Transcript What are shield volcanoes?

Volcanoes
By: Kylie Edens and Jordyn Friel
What are shield volcanoes?
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Shield volcanoes look
like dome-shaped
mountains. The
mountain is formed
when lava spills out and
gradually creates a
dome-shaped
mountains. Shield
volcanoes are 9,000
meters tall.
What is a cinder cone
volcano?
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Cinder cone volcanoes
look like dome-shaped
mountains. A material
called tephra erupts
and forms a domeshaped mountains.
Cinder cones 100 to
400 meters tall.
What are composite
volcanoes?
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Composite or strato
volcanoes have both
tephra and lava
material erupt it. The
materials layer
themselves and form a
huge dome-shaped
mountain. Composite
volcanoes are 100 to
3500 meters tall.
How are volcanoes classified, shaped, and
different from each other?
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Volcanoes are classified by
there type, structure,
composition, and the kind
of eruption produce. They
get their shape because
explosions change them,
and lava hardens when it
cools and becomes part of
the earth.
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Shield, cinder cone, and
composite or strato
volcanoes are different in
shape, size, the explosions
they have, and what
comes out of them after
they erupt.
Why volcanoes occur
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Volcanoes occur when
the Earths plates pull
apart causing magma
to rise to the surface.
Volcanoes can also
occur over hotspots
and where one plate
dives beneath another,
this is called
subduction.
Plate Tectonics
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Plate tectonics is the
study of how the Earth’s
plates are driven and
shaped by geological
forces that keep them in
constant motion. The
movements of lead to the
tectonic plates
classifications of tectonic
plate boundaries,
divergent, convergent,
and transform.
How the Earth’s plates move
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The Earth’s plates are
powered by convection
currents in the mantle.
Plates on the Earth’s
surface move because of
intense heat in the
Earth’s core that causes
molten rock in the mantle
layer to move. It moves in
a pattern called a
convection cell.
What is the place called that most
of the world’s volcanoes happen?
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There is a region in the
Pacific Ocean that is
called the Ring of Fire.
It has 452 volcanoes
and it is home to75% of
the world’s dormant
and active volcanoes.
The Pacific Ring of Fire
is a roughly horseshoe
shaped ring encircling
the Pacific Basin.
Where to volcanoes usually
happen and what are hot spots?
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Volcanoes usually
happen on plate
boundaries. Some
hotspots are the
Hawaiian island,
California, mount St.
Helens, and Krakatoa
island. Hot spots are
volcanic regions where
many volcanoes occur.
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Krakatoa Islands
Volcanic Hazards
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Volcanic gasses
Climate change
Air pollution
So2 aerosols
Lahars
Landslides
Pyroclastic flows
Lava flows
Tephra
Acid rain
Ash
Mud flows
Lava dome collapses
Being prepared for a volcanic
eruption (Tips)
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Be informed about
eruptions.
You can take volcanic
emergency workshops.
Also, you can watch
videos and shows on
what to do.
What to do during and after an
eruption
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During an eruption, if your
caught indoors, close all
windows, doors, and
vents if open. Also be
sure all machinery are in
sheds. Lastly, make sure
all animals are indoors or
in barns. And also shelter
immediately!
After an eruption you
should follow health and
safety guidelines when
returning home.
What you might have an
emergency kit
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First aid booklet
Bandages
Bandage scissors
Instant ice packs
Latex gloves
Gauze pads
Triple antibiotics
Eye pads/eye wash
Antiseptic wipes
Tweezers
Tongue depressors
Tape
Tissue packs
Burn-free dressings
Thermometer
What is a historical volcano?
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Mount Vesuvius is not
currently erupting and is
better known for view on
the beautiful Bay of
Naples.
If it were to erupt today, it
would the city of Naples.
Mount Vesuvius lies at
the plate boundary of the
African and Eurasian
plate.
What is mount Vesuvius
known for?
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Mount Vesuvius is
known for its explosive
eruptions.
It is also known for its
terribly destructive
eruption which nearly
wiped out the town of
Pompeii and
Herculaneum in August
AD79.
Mount Etna
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Mount Etna is located in
Sicily, Italy
It is the largest and most
active volcano in Europe
It has slow large lava flows,
but rarely poses any danger
to inhabited areas
Mount Etna has magma rich
in gas
Also, it is a strato volcano
It has caused very few
deaths
Its eruptions are not
particularly explosive
How people are aware of
Mount Etnas eruptions
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It has preceding
earthquakes
The preceding
earthquakes give the
residents near Mount
Etna plenty of warning
to shelter or evacuate if
there is enough time.
Mount Etnas Characteristics
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Height- It varies because it
erupts so much. Currently it
is almost 11,000 feet tall.
The height is given at 3,350
meters, but is an
approximation at best
Activity- One of the worlds
most active volcanoes. It
erupts from craters at the
top and from numerous
vents on the side.
Past eruptions of Mount Etna
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In 1999, there were two
eruptions- one on
September 4th and a mild
eruption from the Bocca
Nuova crater in November.
In 1998, there was an
eruption on July 22nd.
In 1995, there was an
eruption from the Northeast
crater on December 23rd
There was lava flow from a
vent on the side from
December 15, 1991 to
March 31st, 1993
Bibliography
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www.volcanodiscovery.com/etna.htm
www.ready.gov/be-informed
www.americanfamilysafety.com/emergencypreparedness/index.php?pagename=volcan
o-safety
www.google.com
www.bing.com
Earth Science Textbook By: Prentice-Hall