Transcript Crust

Geology 1 Review
1. What are the layers of the Earth?
• Crust, mantle (upper & lower), core (inner
& outer
2. Identify the thinnest layer of the Earth.
• Crust
3. Explain the differences between continental
crust and oceanic crust.
• Continental crust is thicker than oceanic
crust.
• Oceanic crust is more dense than
continental crust.
4. Describe the structure of the mantle.
• Upper mantle is solid (makes up part of
the lithosphere)
• Lower mantle is liquid-like. Convection
current found here move crustal plates.
5. How does density change as you move
towards the center of the Earth?
• As you move from the crust towards the
center of the Earth, density increases.
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2
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12. Identify the largest ocean on
Earth.
• Pacific
13. Identify the ocean that the east
coast of the United States meets.
• Atlantic
14. What ocean is found by
Antarctica?
• Southern
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18. Explain where warm and cold currents
form.
• Warm currents form near the equators,
while cold currents form near the poles.
19. How does salinity affect ocean currents?
• Water with greater salinity (more salt)
sinks while water with less salt rises.
20. What causes surface currents to form?
• Winds
21. Which way do surface currents move in the
Northern Hemisphere?
• clockwise
22. Identify the Features
A = Continental slope
B = Seamount
C = Plains
D = Mid ocean ride (rift
valley)
E = Volcano
F = Continental shelf
23. What are the deepest parts of the ocean called?
a. Deep-sea trenches
b. Abyssal plains
c. Continents
d. Seamounts
a
24. What is a seamount?
a. A scientist who studies the ocean floor
b. Deep-sea trench
c. A fancy seagull
d. A volcano that formed on the ocean floor.
d
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26. Explain how to continents have changed
over millions of years.
• They have separated over time.
27. Explain how sea floor spreading occurs.
• Magma rises and cools at the rift valley of
a mid-ocean ridge forming new crust,
while the older crust is pushed away
28. What happens to the older crust that is
pushed away from ocean ridges?
• It is pushed down into a subduction zone
and melted.
29.
2
30.
a.
They slide past each other, or collide (converge), or
separate (diverge)
b.
Formation of a volcano, volcanic eruption
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32.
a.
Sea-floor spreading OR continental drift
b.
They fit together like puzzle pieces OR have matching fossils
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35.
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36.
a.
They fit together like puzzle pieces
b.
Earthquakes, volcano, formation of a trench or subduction
zone, formation of mountains, sea-floor spreading
37.a. What type of boundary is shown below?
b. What forms or can occur as a result?
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39.
2
40.
a.
Plate Tectonics
b.
Formation of a volcano, formation of a subduction zone
a. What type of boundary is shown below?
41. b. What is occurring at this boundary?
42.
a. What type of boundary is shown below?
b. What forms or can occur as a result?
43. What are the three types of boundaries?
• Convergent, divergent, transform
44. What direction do plates go for each?
• Convergent = collide
• Divergent = separate
• Transform = slide past each other
45. Which boundary has a subduction zone?
• Convergent (when continental crust
collides with oceanic OR 2 oceanic crusts
collide  more dense crust sinks and
melts
46.
a.
b.
c.
Earth’s crust has a lower temp than its interior.
Earthquake, volcano, formation of a trench or subduction
zone, mountain building
Oceanic crust is thinner than continental crust.
47.
a.
Movement of crustal plates
b.
Living things and habitats are destroyed, volcanic dust and
ash enters the atmosphere changing climate.
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54.
a.
San Francisco
b.
Building earthquake proof homes and buildings, create an evacuation
plan, create food supplies
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56. Built up energy is released along a fault
during a(n)
•Earthquake
57. Intense vibrations felt throughout Earth’s
crust during an earthquake are called
•Seismic waves
58. Melted rock found beneath Earth’s
surface is called
•Magma
59. The location where an earthquakes belongs
is called the
•Focus
60. Where do most of Earth’s volcanoes
and earthquakes occur?
•Along the Ring of Fire (around Pacific
Ocean)
61. Which type of seismic wave is the
slowest?
•L-waves (surface waves)
62. Which type of seismic wave is the
fastest?
•P-waves (primary waves)
63.
a.
b.
They are located at the edges of plates, or on the Ring of Fire.
Locate shelters, create an evacuation plan, store food reserves
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65.
1
2
66.
a. What is the elevation of
point X?
640 feet
b. Where is the steepest part of the hill located?
On the west side of the hill, where the lines are
closer together.
67. The contour map below shows a hill. Two elevations
are labeled.
a. What is the contour
interval?
500 – 400 = 100
X
100/5
spaces =
20
b. Place an X on the map
where an elevation of
430 feet could be
located.
68.
a. What is the contour interval?
b.
c.
100-60 = 40
40/2 =
20m
0m
The steepest slope can be found where the contour lines are closer together.
69.
70.
a. Contour Interval
100m
b. Elevation of
Black Bear Camp=
540m
c. Elevation at
Eagle Peak=
1499m
71.
a. Identify the
landform shown at
point A.
Hill or mountain
b. What is the contour
interval?
2000-1500 = 500
500/5 =
100 ft
c. What is the
elevation at point B?
1550 ft