Transcript ROCKS

ROCKS
Are classified
according to the
environment in which
they
_________
form
Types of Rocks:
igneous
________
________
sedimentary
________
metamorphic
IGNEOUS
ROCKS
Where Does
Igneous Rock Form?
I. FORMATION
OF IGNEOUS
ROCKS
A. Igneous rocks
form directly
from the
solidification
_____________
and
crystallization
_____________
of _____molten
liquid
rock to form
_______
solid rock
FOUNTAINING
FISSURE ERUPTION
LAVA FLOW
LAVA FLOW OVER A ROAD
LAVA FLOW THROUGH FORREST
Kilauea, HI
2003
Kilauea, HI , 2003
Mt. ST. Helens
Volcanic crater
crazy vulcanist
SKY LIGHT
crystallization
B. _____________
is the process when
a liquid rock cools,
and it
changes
to a solid
made of
INTERGROWN
CRYSTALS
___________________
GRANITE MICROSCOPIC VIEW
2. CLASSIFICATION
OF IGNEOUS ROCKS:
A.
2 characteristics
that are used to
classify igneous
rocks:
texture
1. ______________
mineral
composition
2. ______________
B. Texture of
an
igneous rock
describes the
_________,
size
__________
shape
and
arrangement
____________
of the mineral
crystals it was
made from.
size
C. The ______
of the crystals
depends on the
Rate of
_____________
cooling
__________
Slow cooling =
large
crystals
____________
MINERAL CRYSTALS
GABBRO
Fast cooling =
fine
crystals
____________
Or
no crystals
(glassy)
GLASSY TEXTURE: OBSIDIAN
BASALT: FINE CRYSTALS
BASALT MICROSCOPIC VIEW
Granite:
Coarse
crystals
Basalt:
Fine
crystals
(Microscopic views)
FINE CRYSTAL:
RYOLITE
3. EXTRUSIVE
IGNEOUS ROCKS:
Extrusions
A. _____________
occurs when molten
(liquid) rock flows out
of the earth as
________________
lava
lava
magma
And cools
quickly
__________
to form
fine or no
crystals
____________
Vesicular basalt
gas pockets
frothy texture
(vesicular)
This rock if full of gas pockets
B.
To form magma,
minerals
____________
must be melted.
C. Minerals melt
at different
temperatures
____________
pressures
and ___________
D. Igneous rocks
of different
composition
____________
Can form from
the same body of
magma
____________
4. INTRUSIVE
IGNEOUS ROCKS:
A. Intrusions
_____________
occurs when molten
rock beneath the
surface
(magma)
cools
slowly
____________
to form
coarse
crystals
_____________
Granite:
Coarse
crystals
Basalt:
Fine
crystals
(Microscopic views)
5. FELSIC
A. Igneous rocks of
the continental crust
are rich in
_________ density
_________ colored
minerals (granitic)
low
light
6. MAFIC
A. Igneous rocks of
the ocean floor are
rich in
_________ density
_________ colored
minerals (basaltic)
high
dark
Comparing
Oceanic Crust To
Continental Crust
Continental Crust:
1. low density
2. light color
3. granitic
4.felsic
5.thick
Oceanic Crust:
1.high density
2.dark color
3. basaltic
4. mafic
5. thin
Complete the
Activity
Use this diagram in your ESRT to answer the following:
What is the temperature for the interface between the
following…
inner core and outer core? 6250° C
Outer core and stiffer mantle? 5000° C
Stiffer Mantle and athenosphere? 2600° C
Asthenosphere and lithosphere? 750° C
What is the depth of the interface
between the stiffer mantle and the
outer core? 2900 KM
State the relationship between depth and
pressure :As depth increase pressure
increases
State the relationship between depth and
temperature:
As depth increases temperature increases
MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA
Rock
magma
magma
rock
When rocks melt,
bonds broken.
Crystalline solid no
longer exists.
MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA
Rock
magma
magma
rock
•Hot liquid contains still
solid fragments
•Minerals melt at
different temperatures
•Melting causes changes
in magma composition
MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA
Rock
magma
magma
rock
•Cooling of hot liquid allows
crystallization of minerals
•Bonds are re-established
•Crystalline structure grows until
edges touch adjacent crystals
•Minerals crystallize at different
temperatures
OK………..
TAKE OUT
YOUR
REFERENCE
TABLE