Transcript layer of the Earth

Journey to the Center of
the Earth
What would I find
if I journeyed to
the center of the
Earth?
How did the layers form?
How did the layers form?
 The
Earth’s layers were
formed because of density.
How did the layers form?
 The
Earth’s layers were
formed because of density.
– The
heavier, more dense,
materials were pulled in more
by gravity.
How did the layers form?
 The
Earth’s layers were formed
because of density.
The heavier, more dense, materials
were pulled in more by gravity.
– Lighter, less dense, materials were
not pulled in as much by gravity.
–
What are the layers made
of?
What are the layers made
of?
 Inner
Core: solid iron (Fe) and
Nickel (Ni).
What are the layers made
of?
 Inner
Core: solid iron (Fe) and
Nickel (Ni).
– Pressure is 48 to 52 million psi.
What are the layers made
of?
 Inner
Core: solid iron (Fe) and
Nickel (Ni).
– Pressure is 48 to 52 million psi.
– Temperatures range from about
9,000 to 12,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
What are the layers made
of?
 Outer
core: liquid iron (Fe) and
Nickel (Ni).
What are the layers made
of?
 Outer
core: liquid iron (Fe) and
Nickel (Ni).
– Temperatures range from about
4,400 to 6,100 degrees Fahrenheit.
What are the layers made
of?
 Outer
core: liquid iron (Fe) and
Nickel (Ni).
– Temperatures range from about
4,400 to 6,100 degrees Fahrenheit.
– It is believed that the Earth’s
magnetism is produced here.
What are the layers made
of?
 Mantle:
What are the layers made
of?
 Mantle:
–
Made of various minerals (Iron (Fe),
Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al),
Silicon (Si), and Oxygen silicates )
that are in constant motion.
What are the layers made
of?
 Mantle:
Made of various minerals (Iron (Fe),
Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al),
Silicon (Si), and Oxygen silicates )
that are in constant motion.
– Temperatures of up to 6,700 degrees
Fahrenheit.
–
What are the layers made
of?
 Crust:
What are the layers made
of?
 Crust: The top layer of the Earth
What are the layers made
of?
 Crust: The top layer of the Earth
–
The two types are continental and
oceanic.
What are the layers made
of?
 Crust: The top layer of the Earth
The two types are continental and
oceanic.
– Made of mostly Silicon (Si),
Aluminum (Al), Calcium (Ca),
Sodium (Na), and Potassium (K)
–
What are the layers made
of?
 Crust: The top layer of the Earth
The two types are continental and
oceanic.
– Made of mostly Silicon (Si),
Aluminum (Al), Calcium (Ca),
Sodium (Na), and Potassium (K)
– Fractures during earthquakes.
–
Where is the lithosphere?
Where is the lithosphere?
 The
lithosphere contains:
Where is the lithosphere?
 The
lithosphere contains:
– The
crust.
Where is the lithosphere?
 The
lithosphere contains:
– The
crust.
– A small layer of the upper
mantle.
Where is the lithosphere?
 The
lithosphere contains:
The crust.
– A small layer of the upper mantle.
 Large chunks or plates that move
gradually because they ride on hotter
parts of the mantle.
–
Where is the lithosphere?
 The
lithosphere contains:
The crust.
– A small layer of the upper mantle.
 Large chunks or plates that move
gradually because they ride on hotter
parts of the mantle.
– These “chunks” or plates make up
the surface of the Earth.
–