Transcript East Africa

East Africa
9.1 | Environment and Economy
O | EN: Magma and Rift
 Earth’s core, mantle, and crust
 Rising magma plumes and the East African Rift
 Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya
 Second largest fresh water lake (Victoria)
 Second deepest lake (Tanganyika)
 High elevation (Ethiopia)
 The Nile river flows north (to low elevation)
 Rwenzori mountain’s rain shadow effect
 East Africa is cool and dry for its latitude
O | EC: Local Economies
 Most early East African economies were local
 Vast landscape
 Space for local tribes
 Nubia’s proximity to Egypt
 Red Sea trade
 Link to India
D | EN: Land and Wind
 The land environment allowed for
 Stable pastoral societies
 The monsoons of the Indian ocean allowed for
 Reliable sea navigation
 Trade with Arabs and Indians
D | EC: Sea Trade
 Location and reliable monsoons made trade easy
 Indian Ocean market
 Ran by various merchants from various ethnicities
 East Africa established links to:
 The Middle East
 India
 Southeast Asia
T | EN: Cost of Control
 Many dams have been built along the Nile
 Issues
 Natural silt deposits cease to coat farmlands
 Silt deposits cease to prevent erosion downstream
 Manmade lakes destroy former environments
 Desertification
 Over-farming dries up soil
 US Dust Bowl
T | EC: Modernization
 Post-colonial Africa has been struggling with corruption
 Partly internal, partly from foreign encroachment (EU/USA)
 Turkey and China are assisting development
 Establishing stable domestic industries to drive economy