Transcript Science Chapter Two Landforms and Constructive/Destructive

Test Review

a landform
A
sand dune
A
delta
A
fault
A
volcano
 Magma
 lava
 An
earthquake
A
seismograph
 deposition
 erosion
 weathering
A
dam
A
levee
 Sand
dunes
 Canyons (Grand Canyon)
 Mesas
 Sandbars
 Deltas
 Deltas
form at the mouth of a river and are
formed when a river slows down and deposits
sediment that it has carried.
 Wind
and ocean waves
 Wind
and water wearing down the rock
 Wind
will wear away rock over time by
blowing sand against it. This is an example
of weathering.
 Wind
moves sand and reshapes sand dunes.
This is an example of erosion.
 Canyons
are formed by rushing water
 Sediment gets carried from one place to
another
 Ocean waves change and wear down cliffs
 Ocean waves change beaches
 Rain that freezes in small cracks can expand
and break down rock
 Flowing water makes rocks tumble together,
which smoothes their edges
 Plants
can cause weathering
 Roots can grow into the cracks of rocks and
as they grow, the rock can break – this is an
example of weathering
 Plants can be helpful by their roots holding
soil and sand in place to prevent erosion
What are the four layers of the earth?
 Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
What is the thinnest layer?
 Crust
Is the inner core solid or liquid?
 Solid because of the pressure
 both
 Plates
pushing together, plates sliding past
each other, and plates pulling apart.
 Along
a fault
 Mountains
are formed when the crust folds,
cracks, and bends upward because of the
movement of Earth’s plates.
 Mountains are also formed by volcanoes.
A
volcano is a mountain made of lava, ash, or
other materials from eruptions.
 Volcanoes
occur when hot molten rock,
called magma, pushes up through an opening
in the Earth. When the magma reaches the
Earth’s surface, it is called lava and it can
harden into a mountain.
 volcanoes
 Mountains
and lakes
 They
can damage roads, bridges, houses, and
other buildings
 seismographs
 So
they can use their data to make buildings
stronger, to predict where they might happen
in the future, and to help prevent or
minimize damage that they do which will
help to improve lives
 Dams
and levees
 They
can hold back water that would
normally rush down stream and rivers during
heavy rainfall.
 They
are built up along the sides of rivers to
keep rising floodwaters inside of the channel
of a river or stream.
 When
beaches are restored by moving sand
from one location to another
 Because
ocean waves cause beach erosion
(when sand is moved from one area to
another by the waves)