Transcript Materials and Design

Materials and Design in Healthcare Furniture
Geoff Hollington 09.11.09
> Product innovation and design
> Materials and process innovation with BGH
> Materials KTN — open innovation
> Space IGT
> Design2.0 <www.designtwopointzero.com>
> Consulting
> Design Bugs Out
Porter's Chair
Minima
Vernacare
Patient Chair
PearsonLloyd
Kirton Healthcare
> Design Bugs Out winning designs
Bedside Cabinet
Kinneir Dufort
Bristol Maid
Commode
PearsonLloyd
Kirton Healthcare
Bedside System
Hollington
Herman Miller
MEDS POD
TOP TRAYS
PERSONAL POD
TUB
CART
ABS
MOULDED MELAMINE
POWDER COAT
PP COPOLYMER
GLASS-FILLED PP
Materials and Design
Tools:
Goals:
> Materials and processes
> Functional surface properties
> Surface finishes
> Effective cleaning
> Shape
> Wear resistance
> Communication
> Reassuring appearance
> Materials and Design
Surface properties
> Surface properties
Hydrophobic = good?
> Surface properties
Surfaces that shed water easily will not
allow bacteria to stick?
Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [Gram stain test — HC Gram 1882]
The bacterial cell wall
a | The Gram-positive cell wall is composed
of a thick, multilayered peptidoglycan
sheath outside of the cytoplasmic
membrane. Teichoic acids are linked to and
embedded in the peptidoglycan, and
lipoteichoic acids extend into the
cytoplasmic membrane.
b | The Gram-negative cell wall is
composed of an outer membrane linked by
lipoproteins to thin, mainly single-layered
peptidoglycan. The peptidoglycan is located
within the periplasmic space that is created
between the outer and inner membranes.
The outer membrane includes porins, which
allow the passage of small hydrophilic
molecules across the membrane, and
lipopolysaccharide molecules that extend
into extracellular space.
> Surface properties
Bacteria adhere to
hydrophobic surfaces
Bacteria slide off
hydrophobic surfaces
Antimicrobial agents?
> Surface properties
Kill bacteria automatically when they
attach to a surface
soil [aka inhabiting
bacteria
attached
crud]
directly
soil material
to surfaces
Anti-microbial agents embedded in
substrates or in coatings can only
attack bacteria they can touch
> Surface properties
bacteria inhabiting soil material
Anti-microbial agents embedded in
substrates or in coatings can only
attack bacteria they can touch
> Surface properties
Cleaning
> Cleaning
— Technology and Psychology
Microfibre systems
> Cleaning
Can be more effective that tradititional
wet systems
polyester — lyophilic [affinity to oil]
polyamide [nylon] — lyophilic and hydrophilic [affinity to water]
<
1.5—2.0 microns
> Cleaning
>
Microfibre filament
Surface texture
> Cleaning
Even very fine textures interfere with
cleaning effectiveness
Surface textures are common in many
product categories, employed for
durability, manufacturing consistency
and aesthetics
Surface textures
> Cleaning
Smooth surfaces are problematic in
manufacturing and robustness in use,
but are essential in many healthcare
applications
Surface textures
> Cleaning
> < Ra [Roughness average]
Surface roughness average [Ra} must
be 0.1microns or less, ie a smooth,
glossy appearnce
Cleaning behaviour
> Cleaning
Can a design encourage effective cleaning
behaviour?
The grime boundary becomes the target
edge for the next cleaning cycle — possibly
> Cleaning
Materials and Design in Healthcare Furniture
Geoff Hollington 09.11.09
Wear resistance
> Wear
Scratches
> Wear
Scratching significantly diminishes the
cleanability of a surface
< 0.5 — 1.0 microns >
Both coccus (spherical) and bacillus (rodshaped) bacteria can be trapped in
microscopic surface scratches in materials
such as stainless steel and plastics.
When a surface is cleaned, trapped bacteria
will be left behind, possibly along with the
nutrients that support them.
> Wear
> Wear
> Wear
User behaviour
> User behaviour
Users will tend to look after their own interests
> User behaviour
thank you
Geoff Hollington 09.11.09