Transcript Chapter 9_3 revised

Chapter 9
Section 3
Getting Energy to
Make ATP
Cellular Respiration
1. In Cellular Respiration,
mitochondria break down food
molecules to form ATP.
2. Two stages:
– Aerobic (uses oxygen)
– Anaerobic (does not use oxygen)
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
3. The general equation is:
Glucose + oxygen  water + carbon dioxide
+ 36 ATP
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6H2O + 6 CO2 + ATP
4. Three Steps of
Cellular Respiration
• Glycolysis
• Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)
• Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
Glycolysis takes
place in the
(5) cytoplasm.
(6) glucose is used
(broken down).
Glycolysis
(7) pyruvic acid and 2 ATPs are
produced.in glycolysis.
• (8) Oxygen is not required.
Aerobic Respiration
• After glycolysis, pyruvic acid
enters (9) the mitochondria
where most of aerobic cellular
respiration takes place.
10. What are the products of
aerobic respiration?
• Carbon dioxide, water, and
36 ATP
Fermentation
• 11. Fermentation occurs after
glycolysis when cells are without
oxygen.
• This is also known as anaerobic
respiration.
• This takes place in the cytoplasm.
Two types of Fermentation
• 12. Lactic Acid Fermentation
– Alcoholic Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
• When you exercise heavily and your cells
need more oxygen than you are breathing in
for aerobic respiration to take place, Lactic
acid fermentation (anaerobic respiration)
takes place. Lactic acid builds up in
muscles causing (13) muscle fatigue.
(muscle tiredness). Your muscles
are sore.
14. What types of organisms
produce lactic acid?
• Animal cells when there is not
enough oxygen for the complete
breakdown of glucose
• Bacteria
Alcoholic Fermentation
• (15) This type of
fermentation takes place in
yeast and some bacteria.
Alcoholic Fermentation
• 16. After glycolysis, CO2 and
ethanol are produced
Alcoholic Fermentation
• 17. When baking
bread, yeast form
tiny CO2 bubbles
that cause the bread
to rise as it cooks.
The alcohol is
baked out.
Other uses of alcoholic fermentation:
• 17. Making wine and beer (the
ethanol is used and the carbon
dioxide is released to the
atmosphere or used for
carbonation)
THE END