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Department:
Computer Science & Engineering
EnRoll NO.
130340106008
130340106012
WATER
POLLUTION
WATER POLLUTION
Water Pollution occurs when energy and other materials are released into
the water, contaminating the quality of it for other users.
Signs of polluted water

Bad taste of drinking water

Offensive odours form rivers, lake and oceans

Decrease in number of fish in fresh water and sea water

Oil & grease floating on the surface

Unchecked growth of aquatic weeds
WATER QUALITY STANDARS
 Depends
on the intended use of the water which may be either human
consumption or it may be for industries, power generation, reaction
etc.
 Different
 Drinking
types of water use require different level of water purity.
water requires the highest standers of purity whereas water
of relatively lower quality is acceptable for other purpose like
agriculture, industry, hydroelectric power generation, reaction etc. .
POTABLE WATER OR, WHOLE SOME
WATER :


Water which is fit or suitable for drinking purpose or which is not
injurious to human health is called.
The potable water should have the following properties :
1.
It should be colorless
2.
It should be odorless
3.
It should have good taste
4.
It should not contain any harmful microorganisms or it should be safe
microbiologically
WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS CRITERIA
 Quality
of water can be divide in to
 Physical
 Chemical
 Microbiological
PHYSICAL PARAMETERS INCLUDES
(A)
Turbidity
(B)
Colour
(C)
Taste
(D)
Temperature
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS INCLUDES
(A)
Solids (suspended, dissolved, volatile)
(B)
Hardness
(C)
Chlorides
(D)
pH
(E)
Dissolved gases like Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen Sulphide
(F)
Nitrogen compounds like Nitrites, Nitrates, Ammoniacal Nitrogen,
Albuminoid Nitrogen
(G)
Metals and other inorganic substances like Fluoride, Iron & Manganese,
Lead, Arsenic, Iodides, Boron Cadmium
MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
 Included
various microorganisms(bacteria, virus, protozoa, worms) present in water
it may be pathogenic or non pathogenic.
 The
agencies playing an important role in specifying the norms for various effluents
to be discharged in the water bodies as well as for drinking water are :
1.
Indian Standards Institution (ISI)
2.
World Health Organization (WHO)
3.
United States Public Health Service (USPHS)
4.
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION
 Sources
A.
of water pollution can be classified as
Point sources :
Those sources which can be identified as a single location are called point
sources Example of point sources are, industrial effluents, power plants,
sewage, discharge etc.
B.
Non point sources which are also called as area or diffused sources :
The discharge from this sources is not at any particular site, rather these
sources are scattered, which individually or collectively pollute the water.
MAJOR SOURCE OF SURFACE
WATER POLLUTION ARE
1.
Sewage: discharge of sewers and drains.
2.
Industrial effluents from different industries
3.
Synthetic detergents used for washing and cleaning
4.
Agro chemical like fertilizer containing nitrates and phosphates
and pesticides used in the agricultural fields which comes in the
runoff the agricultural land
5.
Oil spillage during and shipment
6.
Waste heat from industrial discharge increases the temperature
of the water bodies.

Major Sources of ground water pollution are septic tanks,
deep well injection of industrial effluents, mines etc.
CLASSIFICATION OF WATER
POLLUTANTS
A.
Suspended matter
B.
Natural organic pollutants (sewage and effluents form some
industries like dairy, food processing etc.). They are also called as
oxygen demanding waste
C.
Synthetic organic compounds (Detergents, fertilizers ,pesticides )
D.
Pathogens (Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa, Worms )
E.
Inorganic pollutants (acid , alkalis, metals)
F.
Thermal pollutants or thermal discharge
G.
Radioactive pollutants
H.
Sediments
EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT
 Toxic
water
 Thermal
 Our
heating
sources of
water
EFFECTS ON HUMANS
 Diseases
caused by:
 Drinking contaminated water
 Swimming in
 Contact
polluted water
with chemically
polluted water
EFFECTS ON ANIMALS
200 turtles in Australia’s surround waters die
each year
 Birds and mammals become coated with oil

EFFECTS ON ANIMALS
WHAT YOU CAN DO
Turn off running water
Fertilize correctly
Participate in a clean up
Join a special society devoted to the
prevention of water pollution
Spread awareness
REFERENCE :
www.google.com (all images)
www.linked.com
THANK YOU!!!