Transcript HI_WATER_Water Filtration Labx

The History of Water Quality
• Ancient civilizations established
themselves around water sources
• Water treatment originally focused on
how it looked, tasted and smelled.
• The earliest records of attempts to
improve water quality were in 4000 B.C.
• The earliest technology included boiling
the water, sun exposure, and filtration.
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http://esa21.kennesaw.edu/modules/water/drink-water-trt/drinkwater-trt-hist-epa.pdf
Vocabulary Clarification
• FILTRATION
–Anything dissolved in the
water might not get filtered
out
–Sometimes that is a good
thing, like coffee and tea
–Most of the time it is not a good
thing, like chemicals (good or
bad)
How Do We Clean the Water?
• To filter out ANYTHING,
you must use something with
holes smaller than the item to
be filtered out.
•For instance, you can
use a kitchen strainer
to separate out the
potatoes from the
water
• But you could not use the
kitchen strainer to filter
out coffee grounds. For
this you need a coffee
filter.
• To filter out large rocks….you can
use small rocks (gravel).
• To filter out small rocks….you can
use smaller rocks (sand).
• To filter out sand …..use a mesh
(sponge).
• To filter out teeny tiny particles,
use a filter.
• To filter out chemicals and
bad odors, use something that
will “stick” to the
chemical…..like charcoal.
• To filter out bacteria, add a small
amount of a chemical that will kill
bacteria, like hydrogen peroxide or
bleach.
• THEY ARE DIFFICULT TO
FILTER OUT BECAUSE THEY
ARE SOOOOO TINY.
PROBLEM: Many people have
been left without safe drinking
water after Typhoon Haiyam.
• POSSIBLE SOLUTION: Teach
them how to build their own
water filtration device, but will
the homemade prototype be as
good as water that comes from
the treatment plant?
MATERIALS:
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One empty 2 Liter plastic soda bottle
Small gravel
Fine sand
Charcoal
Coffee filter
Clean kitchen sponge
PROCEDURE
• 1. Cut the soda bottle in half.
• 2. Balance the spout half inside the
bottom half
• 3. coffee filter inside the bottom of
the bottle
• 4. place the kitchen sponge on top
• 5. Layer sand two inches on top of
the filter.
• 6. Layer the gravel on top of the
sand to about 2 or 3 inches in
depth.
TEST
1. Control: what would this be?
2. Pour vinegar water through, test
for pH, smell, and clarity (looks).
3. Pour red water through, test for
pH, smell and clarity.
4. Pour dirty water through, test for
pH, smell, and clarity.
DATA
• Good water has a neutral pH of 7.
Test the water before and after
filtration.
• Good water is clear. Describe the
water before and after.
• Good water does not smell.
Describe the smell before and after.
RESULTS and ANALYSIS
How well did the homemade
filtration system work for each trial?
Make sure to state in detail the
difference before and after, for each
trial, for each limit. Would you
recommend this to an islander as an
emergency water filtration device?
CONCLUSION
• 1. Was your hypothesis correct or
incorrect, and how so?
• 2.What sources of error might be in this
lab?
• 3. Besides victims of natural disasters, who
might also want to make one of these at
home? Or, for what other uses could they
be used?
• What other tests could have been
performed?