Transcript Anaerobic Respiration

Cellular Respiration
• Purpose: Create ATP molecules from Glucose!
• Who uses this? ALL LIVING ORGANISMS.
• Two Types:
1. Anaerobic Respiration: occurs in Cytoplasm
*organisms do NOT use oxygen!
*Inefficient for multicellular organisms.
2.Aerobic Respiration: cytoplasm and mitochondrion
*organisms USE oxygen.
*Efficient for multicellular organisms
GLYCOLYSIS
• Glyco: sugar
Lysis: dissolving
• Process that breaks down GLUCOSE to
obtain ATP molecules!
• Occurs in the Cytoplasm
• 1st step in BOTH Aerobic and Anaerobic
Respirations.
• NAD is an enzyme that picks up H and
electrons
What happens during
Glycolysis?
1.
2 ATPS are used to break glucose apart. 6
Carbon Glucose molecule is broken into 2
Pyruvic Acids (3 Carbon sugar) are created.
2. Net vs. Gross energy
Process Made: 4 ATPS (Gross #) Used: 2
ATPS
4 – 2 = 2 ATPS (Net #)
Products of Glycolysis
•
From the break down of C6H12O6
(Glucose):
1.
2 Pyruvic Acids  moves to the next chemical
reaction. (either anaerobic or aerobic respiration)
2 ATPs (NET #)
NADH (taxi-cab; transports H ions)  moves to the
next chemical reaction.
(either anaerobic or aerobic respiration)
2.
3.
Oxygen is available Aerobic Respiration occurs
NO OXYGEN = Anaerobic Respiration occurs
Anaerobic Respiration
• Steps:
1. Glycolysis: 2 ATPs made
2. Fermentation: 0 ATPS made
•
Both steps occur in the Cytoplasm
This is why this organelle is the site of
many chemical reactions!
Who uses Anaerobic Resp. ?
Bacteria, plants, fungus (yeast), and
animals (muscle cells only)
ALCOHOLIC
FERMENTATION
1.
Yeast, plants and bacteria use this.
2. 0 ATP made; NAD is regenerated
2 Pyruvic Acids + 2 NADH  2 Ethanol (Alcohol)
+ 2 CO2 + 2 NAD
ALCOHOLIC
FERMENTATION
• Products made from alcoholic
fermentation:
• 2 NAD, 2 Ethanol, and 2 CO2
Food/Beverage Products made
from this process:
• Breads
• Beer
• Wine
Lactic Acid
Fermentation
1. Fungus, plants, bacteria, and animal
muscle cells use this.
2. 0 ATP made; NAD is regenerated
Step:
2 Pyruvic Acids + 2 NADH  2 Lactic Acid +
2 NAD
• Lactic acid builds up: In animals causes
soreness of muscles. Lactic acid is shipped
to liver and converted back into a sugar.
LACTIC ACID
FERMENTATION
• Products made from Lactic Acid
Fermentation:
• 2 NAD, 2 Lactic Acid
Food Products made from this
process:
Yogurt
Soy sauce
Sauerkraut
Review of
Anaerobic Respiration
• Occurs in the cytoplasm
• Steps:
1. Glycolysis: 2 ATPs
2. Fermentation: Lactic Acid or
Alcoholic: 0 ATPs
Inefficient: 2 ATPs/Glucose
Aerobic Respiration
• C6H12 O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O
Aerobic Respiration
• Requires oxygen to make ATP.
• Process begins in the cytoplasm
and ends in a mitochondrion.
• Makes 18X more ATP molecules
than anaerobic respiration (36 in
aerobic and 2 in anaerobic)
Structure of a
Mitochondrion
• Inner and outer membranes
similar to the cell membrane
• Matrix and Cristae
Steps of Aerobic
Respiration
• 1. Glycolysis: occurs in the
CYTOPLASM
Products:
2 Pyruvic Acids
2 ATP (net #),
2 NADH
Krebs Cycle
(Citric Cycle)
2.
Krebs cycle
• Occurs in matrix
of mitochondrion
• Products:
2 ATPs
Diagram in book: p. 227
Electron Transport
Chain (ETC)
•
Occurs in the cristae of a
mitochondrion
•
FADH2 and NADH enter and create:
1. 32 ATP
2. H2O
3. Carrier molecules (FAD and NAD)
return to beginning of the cycle
Aerobic Respiration
Products
• Glycolysis: 2 ATPs
• Krebs: 2 ATPs
• ETC: 32 ATPs
• TOTAL: 36 ATPs/Glucose.
Carbondioxide, Water
• How does this compare to
Anaerobic?