Transcript Cellular Respiration

Ch. 7:
Cellular
Respiration
Getting Energy from food
Cellular Respiration:
making
usable energy in
ATP
the form of ________,
from organic compounds
glucose
like _________.
2 Types of Cellular Respiration:
1. Aerobic Respiration:
oxygen
– Requires ___________
mitochondria
– Occurs in the ___________
– Get the maximum amount
of energy from glucose- 36
ATP
C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H20
2. Anaerobic Respiration
oxygen
– Does NOT use __________
cytoplasm
– Occurs in the ___________
– Get only a small amount of
energy out of glucose 2 ATP
– Generally occurs in bacteria
and yeast cells.
Glycolysis:

a.
b.
c.
glucose
means “to break ________”.
It’s the first step in both
aerobic and anaerobic
respiration.
It does not use oxygen.
Occurs in the cytoplasm.
Glycolysis Summary
Starts
with: glucose
Ends with: pyruvic acid
(compound used in second
part of respiration), NADH
(electron carrier), ATP
Net ATP production: 2 ATP
Lactic Acid Fermentation:
After
glycolysis, the NADH
transfers an electron to the
Pyruvic ____,
acid creating
______
_____
____.
Lactic acid
Examples of lactic acid fermentation:
Dairy
production:
Microorganisms that use
lactic acid fermentation eat
the sugar in milk. The
lactic acid ferments the
milk to make cheese,
yogurt, etc.
Muscles:
When your muscle cells
run out of oxygen, they
can switch to lactic acid
fermentation to make
some ATP. But the lactic
acid builds up in muscles,
causing them to cramp.
Alcoholic Fermentation:
After glycolysis, the pyruvic
acid loses a carbon to make
CO2 The electron from
____.
NADH is then transferred to
the remaining 2-carbon
molecule, which makes it
ethyl alcohol
____________.
Examples of alcoholic fermentation:
Wine
and beer industry:
Yeast cells eat sugars and
make the waste product
ethyl alcohol, which is the
alcohol in wine and beer.
Bread
making:
Yeast make bread rise
because they produce CO2.
The alcohol evaporates
during baking.
Fermentation Summary
 Occurs
in cytoplasm
 Summary: “empty” the NADH so we can
repeat glycolysis with the next glucose
–Alcoholic fermentation makes CO2 and
Ethanol (yeast)
or
- Lactic acid fermentation makes Lactic
Acid (bacteria and muscle cells)
NO MORE ATP CHARGED!
ATP Tallies:
Anaerobic:
- Glycolysis: used 2, made 4
- Fermentation: used 0, made 0
Total: +2 per glucose
Review questions
1.
2.
3.
What is the high energy molecule
made in respiration?
If oxygen is NOT used to break
down glucose, what type of
respiration is that?
What causes your muscles to
cramp?
Aerobic Respiration
Using O2
Mitochondria
Aerobic Respiration
Continued
from glycolysis:
Pyruvic Acid moves to the
Mitochondri
_________a
Krebs Cycle
Takes place in mitochondria
makes:
 carbon dioxide
 ATP

FADH2, NADH (electron
carriers)
Krebs
–Can bacteria do Krebs??
Electron Transport Chain
 Summary:
Gather up ALL the electron
carriers and “empty” them to “charge”
lots of ATP
Energy molecules MADE: 32 ATP
Summary
Starts
with: NADH, FADH2
(electron carriers)
Ends
with: ATP, water
ATP Tallies:
Aerobic:
- Glycolysis: used 2, made 4
- Krebs: used 0, made 2
- ETC: used 0, made 32
Total: +36 ATP per glucose
Energy Summary Table
# of ATP
made
from
one
sugar
Anaerobic
Respiration
(Glycolysis)
Aerobic
Respiration
(Krebs cycle
and ETC)
2
36
Overall reaction
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O
ATP