Transcript Unit5B Protists-Fungi Online2

I.
Protists –
General Characteristics
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Eukaryotic Cells (cells contain organelles)
Protists can be either unicellular or multicellular
They are often very small – Only visible with a microscope
Reproduce sexually or asexually
Some are:
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Only Heterotrophs
Only Autotrophs
Both Heterotroph and Autotroph
D.
3 Types of Protist
i. Animal- like Protist
ii.
Fungus- like Protist
iii. Plant- like Protist
Animal- like Protist
II.
They are heterotrophic
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Eat bacteria and other micro-organisms
May have 2 Nuclei
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Macronucleus – contains DNA for
movement and feeding
Micronucleus- contains DNA for sexual
reproduction
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Move in 3 different ways
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Pseudopod Movement
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ii.
Pseudopod – false foot
Moves like The Blob in the movies
Ex. Amoeba
Cilia Movement
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iii.
Uses eyelash like projections to move
Flagella Movement
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Use a whip like tail to get around
Fungus- like Protist
III.
They are heterotrophic
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Eat bacteria and other microorganisms
2 Types
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Water Molds
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Live in water or moist places
Ex. Some water molds can kill
humans if they infect the body.
Slime Molds
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Live in moist soil and on decaying
plants and trees.
They can form a multicellular mass,
which makes spores
Each spore develops into a new
slime mold.
Plant- like Protist
III.
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They are autotrophs
Create their own source of energy from
sunlight
May be unicellular or multicellular.
Ex. Algae – unicellular
Ex. Seaweed - multicellular
Types of Algae
Diatoms
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unicellular
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Have glass like cell walls.
Green Algae
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Use green pigment. Mostly
multicellular.
Red Algae
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Multicellular seaweed living in deep
oceans
Brown Algae
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Common seaweed. Ex. Kelp
Fungi
Characteristics
I.
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II.
Cells are eukaryotic
Use spores to reproduce
Heterotrophs – yes fungi eat stuff
Most are multicellular
Only yeast are unicellular
There are more that 100,000 species of fungus
Fungi Cell Structure
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Cell walls contain chitin
Chitin also makes up exoskeleton of insects
Fungi cells make up Hyphae/Mycelium
Hyphae are threadlike tubes that make
up the body of most fungi.
Most of a fungus is actually hidden under
ground in a tangled mass called Mycelium
How do fungi eat?
III.
They are heterotrophic decomposers
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Decomposers break down chemicals in dead organisms.
This returns nutrients to soil and gets rid of dead plants and
animals.
They absorb food through the hyphae
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Mycellium grow all over the source of food
Digestive chemicals exit out of the Mycellium into the food.
Fungi are the world’s frie…nemies?
V.
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Food for people – we eat many kinds of fungi.
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Ex. Yeast causes bread to rise.
Ex. mushrooms from store.
• Some Fungi help Plants
– Fungi (known as Mycorrhizae) grow around the roots of plants
helping the plant to absorb extra moisture and nutrients in soil.
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Disease Causing Fungi – attack plants, animals, and humans
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Ex. Athlete’s foot fungus makes feet itch
Ex. Ringworm is NOT a worm, but a fungus that makes a red
ring on the skin.
• Disease Fighting Fungi – Penicillium
– Penicillium is a fungus that produces a chemical which kills bacteria.
– We use this chemical as an antibiotic to fight bacterial infections.