Transcript From Plants to Bacteria Chapter 1

From Bacteria
Plants to Chapter 1
Section 1: What is Life?
Section 1: What is life?
Objectives
 After
this lesson, you should be able to:
 List
the characteristics of all living
things
 Identify
survive.
what all living things need to
Section 1: What is Life?
Vocab
 1.
organism
A living thing.
 2.
cell
The basic unit of structure and function
in an organism.
 3.
unicellular
A type of organism that is made up of a
single cell.
 4.
multicellular
A type of organism that is made up of
many cells.
 5.
development
The process of change that occurs
during an organism’s life to produce a
more complex organism.
 6.
stimulus
A change in an organism’s surroundings
that causes the organism to react.
 7.
response
An action or change in behavior that
occurs as a result of a stimulus.
 8.
reproduce
The production of offspring that are
similar to the parents.

9. spontaneous generation
The mistaken idea that living things arise
from nonliving sources
Pg. 19
 Read pgs. 20-21. Exploring the Experiments
of Redi and Pasteur.
 Discuss variables in the two experiments.

 10.
controlled experiment
An experiment in which all factors are
identical except one.
 11.
manipulated variable
The one factor that a scientist changes
during an experiment.
 12.
autotroph
An organism that makes its own food.
 13.
heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own
food.
 14.
homeostasis
The maintenance of stable internal
conditions despite changes in the
surroundings.
Notes

1. All living things have:
– A Cellular organization
– B
Similar chemicals
– C
Use energy
– D Grow and develop
– E
– F
Respond to their surroundings
Reproduce
 2.
The most abundant chemical in cells
water
is____________________________
 3.
Other chemicals in cells include:
– A.
carbohydrates
– B.
proteins
– C.
lipids
– D.
nucleic acids
 4.
The four basic needs of all living
things are:
– A. Energy
– B.
Water
– C. Living space
– D. Stable internal conditions
From Plants to
Bacteria
Chapter 1
Section 2: The Origin of Life
Section 2: The Origin of Life
Objectives
 After
this lesson, you should be able to:
 Compare
the atmosphere of early Earth
with today’s atmosphere
 State
how scientists hypothesize that
life arose on early Earth
 15.
fossil
The trace of an ancient organism that
has been preserved in rock or other
substance.
Notes
 1.
nitrogen
_____________________
and
oxygen
_______________________
are the
major gases in our present day
atmosphere.
 2.
The oldest fossil of bacteria like cells
are believed to be about
3.4 to 3.5 billion
_____________
years old.
Science
Extension- we will be
studying the theories on the
Origins of Life!
Be
there! 
From Plants to
Bacteria
Chapter 1
Section 3: Classifying
Organisms
Section 3: Classifying Organisms
Objectives
 After
this lesson, you should be able to:
 Explain
why scientists organize living
things into groups.
 Explain the relationship between
classification and evolution.
 Describe early classification systems,
including that of Linnaeus
 Name the seven levels of classification
used by scientists.
 16.
classification
The process of grouping things based on
their similarities.
 17.
taxonomy
The scientific study of how living things
are classified.
 18.
binomial nomenclature
The naming system for organisms in
which each organism is given a two-part
name—a genus name and a species name.
 19.
genus
What's in a Name?
A classification grouping that consists
of a number of similar, closely related
species.
 20.
species
What's in a Name?
A group of similar organisms that can
mate and produce fertile offspring in
nature.
 21.
evolution
The process by which species gradually
change over time.
 22.
taxonomic key
A series of paired statements that
describe the physical characteristics of
different organisms.
Notes
 1.
Biologists
__________________
classification
use_________________ to
organize
_________________living things so
that they are easier to study.
Greek scholar Aristotle was the first
_________________
scientist to classify animals. He
classified based on the
appearance, behavior, and movement
_______________________________.
 2.

3. The 7 levels of Classification:
– A.
Kingdom
– B. Phylum
– C. Class
– D. Order
– E. Family
– F. Genus
– G. Species
Charles Darwin
____________________
first
proposed the theory of evolution.
 4.
Video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Fpy63S05Vw
 5.
Species with
Evolutionary histories
similar___________________
are
classified more closely together.
From Plants to
Bacteria
Chapter 1
Section 4: The Six Kingdoms
Section 4: The Six Kingdoms
 After
 Name
this lesson, you should be able to:
and describe the six kingdoms
into which all organisms are grouped.
Vocab
 23.
prokaryote
An organism whose cells lack a nucleus
and some other cell structures
 24.
nucleus
The dense area in a eukaryotic cell that
contains nucleic acids, the chemical
instructions that direct the cell’s
activities.
 25.
eukaryote
An organism with cells that contain
nuclei and other cell structures.
 1.
Notes
The six kingdoms of classification
– A.
Archaebacteria
– B.
Eubacteria
– C.
Protists
– D. Fungi
– E.
– F.
Plants
Animals
 2.
Organisms are placed in a kingdom
Cell type
based on ___________________,
their ability to make food
____________________
and
the number of cells in their bodies
________________________.

3. Fill out the chart using the six kingdoms and
appropriate vocabulary terms.
Kingdom
Nucleus? Food?
Archaebacteria
prokaryote
Eubacteria
prokaryote
Protists
eukaryote
Fungi
Autotrough or
heterotrough
Autotrough or
heterotrough
unicelled
unicelled
Autotrough or
heterotrough
Unicelled or
multicelled
heterotrough
Unicelled or
multicelled
eukaryote
Plants
Cells?
autotrough
eukaryote
Animals
multicelled
heterotrough
eukaryote
multicelled