Transcript Lymes Disease

Lymes Disease
(Borreliosis)
By Christer Suvatne
Introduction
• Spread by Ticks
• Caused by bacteria (borrelia)
(Borrelia Burgdorferi)
• It causes borreliosis (lymes disease)
• The disease is multisystemic – involvement of skin,
heart, joints and CNS
• Affects mostly young and middle-aged people
TICKS
Blacklegged Tick
(deer tick)
Wood Tick
(dog tick)
(spreads Lyme disease)
(does not spread Lyme disease)
adult male
adult female
Adult
(male)
Adult
(female)
Nymph
• Can lead to
disease:
40-60% adult
20-30% nymph
0% larva
Larva
Two-Year Life Cycle of Blacklegged Tick
EGGS
MEAL 1
• Mouse
• Bird
LARVAE
NYMPHS
Eggs laid,
adults die
MEAL 3
* For adults
that did not
feed in fall
• Person
• Deer
• Dog
MEAL 2
(peak feeding
time May-mid July)
• Person
• Mouse
• Dog
SPRING
SUMMER
WINTER
FALL
Nymphs
molt into
adults
Larvae molt
into nymph
stage
ADULTS
MEAL 3
• Person
• Deer
• Dog
Nymphs dormant
Blacklegged
Tick Nymph
To Get Lyme Disease
• Blacklegged tick must be infected with Lyme
disease bacteria
• Only the nymphs and adult females can
transmit the Lyme disease bacteria
• Tick must be attached 24 - 48 hours before it
passes bacteria to host
• Most cases are children and middle
aged people
• 54% is men
• Most usual symptoms is neurological (54%)
(248ppl)
• Arthritis (15ppl)
• totally 238 people were hospitalized in
2006
Lymes Disease 3 stages
Stage 1 – Early localized infection
3 to 30 days after deer tick bite
• Rash (often “bulls-eye”)
(red, warm, painless)
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Fever
Chills
Headache
Muscle and joint pain
Fatigue
Flue like symptoms
Can develop Borreliosis even if rash is not
present
Erythema migrans (EM)
rash characteristic of
Lyme disease
As the rash increases in size, it clears in the middle and develops a red
ring around the outside.
This rash:
May expand to a very large size,
Is usually not painful or itchy, and
Often appears on the thighs, groin, trunk, armpit, or back.
rash has been reported in about 60 to 80 percent of adults and 50
percent of children
Sometimes do not have bulls eye appearance
(redden area without an outer ring)
Not everyone gets a rash..
the early sign and symptom. (headache, fever, chills etc) is similar to
other diseases, so difficult to diagnose Lymes if have no rash
Stage 2 – Early disseminated infection
Days to weeks after illness onset
• Multiple rashes
• Facial paralysis on one side (bells palsy)
• Fever, stiff neck, headache -> meningitis
• Weakness, numbness, arm/leg pain
• Irregular heart beat
• Persistent weakness and fatigue
Multiple
Rashes
• Reaction as bacteria
move through body
• Not caused by
multiple tick bites
Multiple
Rashes
• This is another
example of a
multiple rash.
Stage 3 – Late persistent infection
Weeks to months after illness onset
• Fatigue
• Chronic arthritis (usually affect knees)
• Nervous system problems (meningitis)
and problems with short term memory,
concentration,
Joint Swelling
Joint swelling and
pain may occur
weeks to months
after onset of
illness if left
untreated.
In Norway
Statistics 1997-2006
• Showing numbers
in Norway
• 2007 had the
highest cases of
lymes disease.
References
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www.facebook.com
www.wikipedia.com
http://www.lymediseaseassociation.org/
http://www.tidsskriftet.no/?seks_id=169001
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