Transcript Manufactured_Fibres

Manufactured Synthetic Fibres
Learning Objectives:
•Understand the sources, properties and uses of
manufactured synthetic fibres.
• Identify the advantages and disadvantages of
manufactured synthetic fibres.
Manufactured Synthetic Fibres –
Polyamide (Nylon)
Properties:
•
Very strong
•
Hard-wearing
•
Does not
decompose (rot)
•
Melts as it burns
•
Not very absorbent
so it dries quickly
•
Crease resistant
•
Resists alkalis but
can be damaged by
acids.
•
Versatile - can be
made into many
types of products.
Advantages:
• Strong when wet
• Inexpensive
• Resists bacteria
• Durable and long lasting
Disadvantages:
• Can be damaged by
sunlight which discolours it
and makes it weak.
• Low absorbency
• Not always comfortable to
wear.
Uses:
Fabric Names:
• Clothing
• Nylon
• Ropes
• Tactel
• Carpets & rugs
• Tactel Micro
• Seat belts
Manufactured Synthetic FibresPolyester
Properties:
•
Very strong
•
Can be made flame
resistant
•
Thermoplastic – can be
heat set into pleats and
shapes.
•
Does not decompose
•
Resists most alkalis but
can be damaged by
acids.
•
Versatile as it can be
made into many types of
products.
Fabric Names:
Uses:
Terylene
•Sportswear
Polar Fleece
•Ties
Trevira
•Sewing threads
Finesse
•Medical textiles
Miratec
•Net curtains
Dacron
•Carpets
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
• Strong when wet
• Poor absorbency so it is
difficult to dye.
• Dries quickly
• Crease resistant
• Cheap
• Resists bacteria
Manufactured Synthetic Fibres Acrylic
Properties:
•
Strong when it is dry
but weaker when wet.
•
Shrinks away from
heat.
•
Thermoplastic
•
Burns slowly then
melts.
•
Soft
•
Warm
•
Easy to wash and dry.
Uses:
Knitwear Upholstery fabrics
Fake fur Sportswear
Toys
Advantages:
• Warm
Disadvantages:
• Poor absorbency
• Soft
• Insulating
• Inexpensive
• Dries quickly
Fabric Names:
Courtelle
Amicor
Manufactured Synthetic Fibres Elastane
Properties:
•
Very elastic
•
Lightweight
•
Very strong
•
Resists chemicals
•
Not damaged by
perspiration
•
Aids crease
resistance
Uses:
• Swimwear
• Sportswear
• Jeans
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
• Very stretchy
• Very poor absorbency
• Keeps its shape
• Always needs to be
blended with other fibres.
It is too stretchy and
elastic to be used on its
own.
• Resistant to damage by
sun and seawater
• Lightweight
• Strong
• Makes garments
comfortable to wear
Fabric names:
Lycra
Regenerated Cellulose Fibres
Regenerated cellulose fibres
are made from wood pulp and
chemicals. They are similar to
cotton.
Names of regenerated fibres:
Viscose
Rayon
Acetate
Triacetate
Modal
Tencel
Lyocell
Properties of Regenerated
Cellulose Fibres:
• Highly absorbent
These are environmentally
friendly fibres because they
reuse waste chemicals in the
production process.
Uses:
•Lyocell is used as a
non woven fabric for
medical wipes and
swabs.
•Fashion clothing
• Washable
•Lingerie
• Soft
•Ribbons
• Smooth
•Protective clothing
• Comfortable to wear
• Drape well
• High strength when wet