Transcript Disease Agent Test Review

Pathogen
Epidemic & Pandemic Test Review
1) Compare & Contrast Disease Pathogens
Please use notes, book, info to complete chart
Bacteria
Virus
Parasite
Fungus
Compare & Contrast Disease Pathogens
Bacteria
 Single cell
 Reproduces
asexually
 Killed with
antibiotics
 Ancient form of life
 Grow best in warm
moist/humid
environ.
 Prokaryotic..no
nucleus
Virus
Parasite
 Non living
 Need a host, hijack cell
processes to reproduce
 Contain DNA
 Easily spread
 Prevented by vaccine
 Only catch it once (can
catch different strands)
 Living
organism
 Feeds off host
 Eukaryotic
Fungus
 Living
organism
 Decomposer
 Cell wall, no
chloroplast
 Eukaryotic
2) Compare & Contrast
Epidemics & Pandemics
Epidemic
Pandemic
Compare & Contrast
Epidemics & Pandemics
Epidemic
 Regional
 Known disease that
infecting more individuals
than usual
Pandemic
Global
Large % of individuals infected
Usually viral
New disease to humans
Best prevention is immunizations
Conditions to spread:
Dense contact with wild animals or farm
animals
Airports
Population poorly educated in disease
prevention
Poor sanitation systems
Weak central government
Poverty
Poor national sanitation systems
3) How does bacteria reproduce?
4) What does a graph representing the
reproductive potential of bacteria look like?
5) How can we protect ourselves from
bacterial disease?
3) How does bacteria reproduce?
Binary fission
4) What does a graph representing the
reproductive potential of bacteria look like?
5) How do we protect ourselves from bacterial
disease?
Hygiene, cook food properly, hygiene
6) Why do you take over the counter
medications when you have a cold?
7) The number of cases of a specific viral
diseases has dropped over several years.
What would most likely be the cause of this
drop?
Why do you take over the counter
medications when you have a cold? To treat
the symptoms
The number of cases of a specific viral
diseases has dropped over several years.
What would most likely be the cause of this
drop?
Immunizations/vaccinations
8) What is antimicrobial resistance (antibiotic
resistance)?
9) How do we make antimicrobial resistance
more likely?
10) Under what conditions will bacteria
reproduce rapidly?
8) What is antimicrobial resistance (antibiotic
resistance)?
Bacteria evolve. Resistance is the evolution
of bacteria species to be unaffected by an
antibiotic that killed them in the past.
9) How do we make antimicrobial resistance
more likely? Overuse or misuse antibiotics
10) Under what conditions will bacteria
reproduce rapidly?
warm, moist environments, average
temperatures (don’t like EXTREME temps!)
11) What is it about 21st century society
that makes pandemics much more likely to
occur than in the past?
12) What is the purpose of quarantine or
isolation?
11) What is it about 21st century society
that makes pandemics much more likely to
occur than in the past? Air travel/global
connections
12) What is the purpose of quarantine or
isolation? To protect individuals that are
healthy from the pathogens making others
sick.
13) How do vaccines protect against
infection?
14) How do vaccines protect society?
15) Why do you need to get a flu shot every
year?
13) How do vaccines protect against infection?
Vaccines train/challenge your immune system, so
that it produces antibodies to the virus. The next
time your body encounters the virus, it destroys it
and you don’t get sick.
14) How do vaccines protect society?
By creating herd immunity that protects those that
are unvaccinated
15) Why do you need to get a flu shot every
year?
The flu virus mutates as it moves through
different organisms (bird, pig, human), so the flu
you experience each year is a slightly different
virus.
16) Some diseases are transmitted by
vectors.
How does a vector transmit disease?
17) What are some examples of vectors?
18) How do we protect society from vector
transmitted diseases?
19) Name two vector transmitted diseases.
Some diseases are transmitted by vectors
16) How does a vector transmit disease?
It moves the disease agent from one person to
another.
17) What are some examples of vectors?
Mosquito (#1), tick, flea
18) How do we protect society from vector
transmitted diseases? Control vectors through
spraying programs, trash pick up, rodent control
19) Name two vector transmitted diseases.
Malaria, West Nile virus, Yellow Fever,Lyme
Disease, Black Plaque
20) Name two viral diseases.
21) Name two bacterial diseases.
22) Name two fungal diseases.
20) Name two viral diseases.
Chicken pox, aids, flu, measles
21) Name two bacterial diseases.
Cholera, food poisoning
22) Name two fungal diseases.
Athletes’ foot, valley fever, ringworm
23) What do you need to do to remain
healthy and avoid becoming sick?
23) What do you need to do to remain
healthy and avoid becoming sick?
Get immunized/vaccinated
Proper hygiene…hand washing…avoid
being around sick people….