Transcript Food Webs & Chains

Food Webs Within Ecosystems
Marine, Freshwater, and Terrestrial
FOOD WEBS
Ecosystems
• An ecosystem is a community of organisms
interacting with one another and their
environment.
• An ecosystem includes all biotic and abiotic
factors.
– Biotic Factors – All living things
• Plants, animals, fungi and bacteria
– Abiotic Factors – All nonliving things
• Water, land, light, temperature and soil composition.
Marine Ecosystems
Oceans
Freshwater Ecosystems
Lakes, ponds, rivers, streams and aquifers
Terrestrial Ecosystems
Forests, Deserts, Grasslands, Mountains
Habitat
A habitat is a place where an organism lives.
Population
A population is a group of individuals of the
same species that live in a certain area.
Community
A community is all of the populations that live
and interact with each other in an area.
Niche
A niche is the role
of an organism
within it’s
community.
Includes what it
eats, when it eats
and where it lives.
Coral, plankton, fish
Food Chain
A food chain shows
how the energy in
food is passed
from organism to
organism in an
ecosystem.
Food Web
A food web is a
combination of
all the
overlapping
food chains in
an ecosystem.
Producers
• Producers are
organisms that
make their own
food through
photosynthesis.
• Examples –
plants, algae
and plankton
Consumers
• Consumers
are
organisms
that eat other
organisms to
obtain food
for energy.
There are 3 Types of Consumers
• Herbivores – Animals that
only eat plants
• Omnivores – Animals that eat
plants and other animals
• Carnivores – Animals that
only eat other animals (meat)
• Primary Consumer
• Secondary Consumer
• Tertiary Consumer
Predator/Prey Relationships
• Predator – Organism that eats another
organism
• Prey – Organism that is eaten by the predator
Parasite/Host Relationships
• Parasite – organism that feeds off other living
creatures
– Fleas, Ticks, Worms, Lice, etc.
• Host – organism on which the parasite is
feeding. Always bad for host!
Decomposers
• A decomposer
is an organism
that gets their
energy by
breaking down
dead organisms.