Transcript 3.1-MB-EE-chem.photo.cellularresp.practice.notes

Energy Notes
Photosynthesis, Chemosynthesis
and Cellular Respiration
Marine Biology
Warm Up
1. What process do plants do to make sugar?
2. What process do all organisms do to make
energy?
3. Explain how photosynthesis and cellular
respiration make a cycle.
4. Why would low levels of oxygen in the water
pose a problem for marine life?
Review Photosynthesis
“photo” = light
“synthesis” = to put together
CO2 + H2O + Sun Light
Gives you
Carbohydrates + O2
Review Photosynthesis
CO2 + H2O + Sun Light
Carbon
dioxide
Gives you
Water
Carbohydrates + O2
Sugar (glucose)
Oxygen
Review Photosynthesis
CO2 + H2O + Sun Light
Gives you
1. REACTANTS (what you start with)
Carbohydrates + O2
2. PRODUCTS (what you end with)
Review Chemosythesis
What is chemosynthesis?
Chemosynthesis is used when sunlight is not
available.
What happens during
chemosynthesis?
During chemosynthesis, organisms use inorganic
substances in place of sunlight to make sugar
and oxygen.
What is the equation for chemosynthesis?
Inorganic substances + water+ carbon dioxide
Oxygen + sugar
What organisms do chemosynthesis?
Organisms that do
not receive
sunlight HAVE to
do chemosynthesis
in order to make
food for
themselves
(bacteria or deep
water organisms).
Review Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
is just the opposite of
photosynthesis!
C6H12O6 + O2 → ATP + CO2 + H2O
respiration
CO2 + H2O + light → C6H12O6 + O2
photosynthesis
Review Cellular
Respiration
C6H12O6
O2
ATP
CO2
H2O
Sugar
(glucose)
Oxygen
Energy
Carbon
dioxide
Water
Reactants
(what’s needed)
Products
(what’s produced)
Review Cellular Respiration
Important facts for marine
biologist:
• All living organisms break
down sugars to get energy.
• This is called cellular
respiration.
• What is glucose again?
SUGAR!!
Energy Notes
• First, copy the questions (Cornell Note Style)
• Make sure you have the right answer before
continuing.
• Record the correct answer on the right hand
side.
• There are only 13 questions but you must
understand/remember the material in every
question!
Energy Unit Review Questions
1. What process releases energy
Cellular
from sugar?
Respiration!
2. What process absorbs energy
from the sun to make sugar (food
Photosynthesis
for the plant)?
3. Where does photosynthesis
happen in the cell?
Chloroplast
4. Where does cellular respiration
happen in the cell?
Mitochondria
Energy Unit Review Questions
5. What is the equation for
cellular respiration?
6. What is the equation for
photosynthesis?
7. What is chemosynthesis?
O2+Sugar
CO2+H2O+ATP ENERGY
CO2+H20+SUN ENERGY
O2+Sugar
HAPPENS WITHOUT LIGHT!!!
Organisms use inorganic
substances to make sugar
and oxygen
8. Explain transpiration and
Water moves in through the
roots and evaporates
how water moves through a
through the leaves into the
plant.
air.
Energy Unit Review Questions
9. What happens to the nitrogen in They decompose and
the nitrogen goes
organisms when they die?
back into the ground
for plants to use.
10. What is ATP?
11. Where in the cell is energy
produced (ATP)?
12.Where in the cell is energy
absorbed?
Energy molecule
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Energy Unit Review Questions
13. Explain how cellular
respiration and photosynthesis
make a cycle.
Energy is cycled
between
photosynthesis and
cellular respiration.
Dissolved Oxygen
• Dissolved Oxygen Video
• Use the following words to explain WHY marine
organisms will suffer from low oxygen levels in the
water:
– Cellular respiration
– Reactants
– Products
– Oxygen
– Carbon dioxide
– Water
– Energy (ATP)
– Energy (sunlight)
Dissolved Oxygen and Fertilizers (Run Off)
• Fertilizers video
• After the video, please write a short summary
of how fertilizers affect the oxygen levels in
the water.
Chemosynthesis Practice
• Use the following HSA questions to practice
our knowledge of energy transfer.
#1. Some types of bacteria live deep in
the ocean where sunlight cannot reach.
These bacteria use the energy stored in
inorganic molecules to make sugars (HSA
2007).
Which of these processes do the bacteria use to
produce sugars?
A. photosynthesis
B. chemosynthesis
C. aerobic respiration
D. nitrogen fixation
#2. Some bacteria live in habitats
without light. They produce their own
food using inorganic substances from
the environment.
Which of these terms best describes this
process?
A. photosynthesis
B. cellular respiration
C. binary fission
D. chemosynthesis
#3. In deep ocean trenches, bacteria
produce organic materials from
inorganic compounds through the
process of
A.
B.
C.
D.
respiration
decomposition
photosynthesis
chemosynthesis
Phytoplankton and Zooplankton
• Watch video that discusses phytoplankton,
zooplankton.
• What are phytoplankton?
• Why are they called primary producers?
• What are zooplankton?
• What do zooplankton eat?
• Draw a food web with phytoplankton and zoo
plankton.
Eutrophication
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Watch video on eutrophication.
What is algal bloom?
What causes oxygen to be used up?
After phytoplankton dies, what happens?
What consumes the decomposing algae?
Who uses up all the oxygen in the water?
How do the numbers of these micro
organisms effect the oxygen levels in the
water?
• What is eutrophication?
Independent Research
Read Oxygen in the Water on page 372.
Summarize the reading. Make sure to answer the following
questions in your writing:
1. How is oxygen produced?
2. What process requires the use of oxygen?
3. What is dissolved oxygen?
4. How do marine organisms take in oxygen?
5. Explain why there is a high concentration of DO in the
bottom of the ocean.
6. Why are there high levels of DO at the surface of the water?
7. Explain the finding in the graph (figure 15-7) in your own
words.
Show How Energy Cycles
• Draw a diagram in order to show how energy
transfers between photosynthesis and cellular
respiration.
Photosynthesis Lab
HSA Public Release Question
Elodea, a freshwater plant, releases gas bubbles when it is
placed in direct light. In an investigation, a student placed a
lamp at different distances from an aquarium containing Elodea.
The student counted the number of bubbles produced by the
Elodea plant. His data are shown in the table below.
What energy source is used by Elodea?
A.
B.
C.
D.
heat
light
oxygen
carbon dioxide
Reviewing Dissolved Oxygen
Photosynthesis is discussed on page 109 of the
Marine Science text. Add the following to your
notes:
• What does photo mean?
• What does synthesis mean?
• What is an autotroph?
• What byproduct is made during photosynthesis?
• Explain how algae in the water provides some of
the oxygen that you breathe.