Transcript Team_05_Final_Presentation

Team Garlic Armageddon
Final Presentation
Kirstyn Johnson, Ryder Whitmire, Lenny Komow
Lauren Persons, Dave Borncamp, Jon Pfohl
December 1, 2009
Rev 11-19-09
Mission Overview
Mission Statement
-
Analyze affect of radiation and atmosphere on growth rate of bacteria
Mission Objectives
 Expose bacteria radiation
 Determine amount of radiation the bacteria is exposed to
 Determine how bacteria is impacted by radiation
Mission Expectations
-
Bacterial recovery rates = low compared to control
-
Radiation
Background
-
Why E. coli?
-
-
Easily accessible, anaerobic
Implications: Radiation effect on humans as space travel becomes more
common
Design
Actual Design
Functional Block Diagram
BalloonSat Function
All systems on before launch
Stores data for all inputs (temperature,
pressure, accelerations, and geiger
counter) every 60 ms
Radiation counts from Geiger counter
were added up and stored in memory
every 60 ms
Camera took picture every 20 seconds
Changes in Satellite Design
and Experiment
Proposal
Final
Measure radiation and other atmospheric
conditions (i.e. temperature)
Measured radiation
Fly two plates inoculated with bacteria
Flew one plate inoculated with bacteria and a
pressure tube with bacteria in nutrient broth
One testing method for bacteria: replica
plating
Two testing methods: replica plating and
spectrophotometric analysis
Satellite design: part of satellite would not
have been protected by insulation
All of the satellite was heated with insulation
on all parts
Results and Analysis
Bacteria: Predicted
•Replica Plating
–Smaller colony size and obliteration of
certain colonies in experimental plate
•Spectrophotometry
–Growth curve of experimental sample shifted
to the right, i.e. longer to obtain the same ABS
value
Bacteria: Replica Plating Analysis
Result: the original plate of the control group showed the expected growth of E. coli, and its
replica showed a similar, but to a lesser degree, amount of growth.
Unexpected Result: during the replication and incubation process, contamination had
occurred, as the replica plate had a large number of foreign cultures growing in it; did not
seem to affect the results
Conclusion: all of the E. coli transferred to the replica plate was killed due to radiation
Bacteria: Spectrophotometric
Analysis
Result: the density of the bacteria that was in the satellite took a longer time to
replicate, but only took about 31 hours to catch up to the control bacteria
Temperature Analysis: HOBO External
Result: when the flight began, the temperature steadily dropped from about 10°C to around -60°C;
the satellite was in the troposphere, the lowest level of Earth’s atmosphere
-between 30 and 50 minutes after activation, most likely in the part of the atmosphere known as the
tropopause
-warming trend continues through the stratosphere, shown in the graph roughly between 50 and 90
minutes
Temperature Analysis: HOBO Internal
-Shows the same general trend as the AVR temperature data, but slightly different
temperature values
-lowest temperature was at about -10°C, not low enough to kill bacteria
Temperature Analysis: AVR
-gave a minimum temperature of -11.4°C
-temperature not low enough to freeze the water in the pressure tube, conclude that
temperature was a little factor in hindering bacterial growth
Radiation: Predicted
As the altitude increases, expect to see the radiation intensity
increase; a positive correlation between altitude and intensity
Radiation Analysis
Radiation/Minute
900
800
700
Radiation
600
500
Rad Counts
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Minutes
-As time increases, radiation intensity (counts/min) also increases
-Radiation at apogee (≈95,000 ft) was about 60 times greater than at 5,400 ft. above
seal level (Boulder elevation)
Humidity Analysis
•First spike in graph correlates with spike in temp. sensor
–payload was launched.
•Second spike in humidity also correlates with second spike in the temp. graph
–Satellite in the stratosphere, the peak representing balloon burst.
•Humidity steadily increasing at end since temperature is rising
–Later in the day
Accelerometer Analysis
The acceleration was roughly constant, but spiked at launch and
increased significantly at burst.
The acceleration in the Y axis was negative for the ascent because
the satellite spun the entire time. After burst, the acceleration was
closer to zero because the satellite was not spinning.
Pressure Analysis
Failure Analysis
 Failure of Pressure Sensor
 Initial data not consistent with what pressure should be at ground
. We took it to the electronics center to test in a pressure environment to
repeat the failure. We recorded a constant pressure regardless of the
change in the environment.
Pressure Data: Before Flight
Picture Analysis
All Systems On
Satellite Launch
Time Stamp- 12:09:52 am
Time Stamp- 12:00:53 am
Picture Analysis (cont’d)
Burst of Balloon
Time Stamp- 1:36:00 am
Satellite Landing
Time Stamp- 2:10:22 am
All of the time stamps correlate with accelerometer and temperature data,
confirms what time the events occurred
Conclusions
•The amount of penetrating radiation present at 95,000 feet is
almost sixty times greater than at 5,400 feet above sea level (the
elevation of Boulder, CO).
•The radiation present was of sufficient potency to kill off a large
portion of the bacteria, evidenced by the annihilation of E. coli
colonies on the replica plate, but not enough to completely kill
and sterilize the entire satellite, as seen in the pressure tube
experiment
•Despite the amount of radiation damage incurred, the bacteria
was still able to recover after about 31 hrs
Lessons Learned
Spectrophotometric analysis of bacterial
growth is superior to replica plating
technique
More effective to do multiple pressure
tubes for spectrophotometric analysis
Need to ensure that the bacteria stays
warmer, make sure there are no other
confounding variables
Ready to Fly Again
•Payload should be stored in a cool environment not
exposed to excessive light
•Bacteria cultures must be grown a day before flight
•A spectrophotometer must be acquired before flight for
use on the ground
•Electronics can be activated by flipping the power switch
followed by the G-switch right before launch
•Need to ensure that Geiger counter still works properly
•Will need to correct problems with the pressure sensor
General Mission Requirements Matrix
Requirements
Done?
1. Aditional experiment that collects science data, analyzable
Yes
2. Analog Sensor input shall not exceed 5V
Yes
3. After Flight, balloonsat will be ready to fly again
Yes
4. Flight string interface tube is non metal, through center of balloonsat and secured to box so that it won’t
interfere with flight string
Yes
5. Internal temperature of balloonsat will remain above -10 degrees C during flight
Yes
6. Total weight shall not exceed 850 grams
Yes
7. Team shall acquire ascent and descent rates of the flight string
Yes
8. Design shall allow for a HOBO H08-004-02
Yes
9. Design shall allow for external temperature cable
Yes
10. Design shall allow for a Canon A570IS Digital Camera
Yes
11. Design shall allow for AVR microcontroller board and batteries weighing 150 grams including batteries
Yes
12. Design shall allow for an active heater system weighing 100 grams with batteries
Yes
13. Balloonsat shall be made of foam core
Yes
14. Parts list and budget shall include spare parts
Yes
15. Balloonsat shall have contact information written on the outside along with a US flag
Yes
16. Proposal, design, and other documentation units shall be in metric
Yes
Requirements (cont’d)
Requirements
Done?
17. Launch is November 7th 2009, 6:50 AM in Windsor, CO. Everyone is expected to show for Launch.
Only one team member is required to participate in recovery. Launch and recovery shall be completed
by 3:00 PM
Yes
18. No one shall get hurt
Yes
19. All hardware is the property of the Gateway to Space program and must be returned in working
order at the end of the semester
Yes
20. All parts shall be ordered and paid by Chris Koehler’s CU MasterCard by appointment to minimize
reimbursement paperwork. All teams shall keep detailed budgets on every purchase and receipt shall
be turned in within 48 hours of purchase with team name written on it along with a copy of the Gateway
order form
Yes
21. All purchases made by team individuals shall have receipts and must be submitted within 60 days
of purchase or reimbursement will be subject to income taxes
Yes
22. Have fun and be creative
Yes
23. Absolutely nothing alive will be permitted as payloads, with the exception of yellow jackets,
mosquitoes, fire ants, earwigs, roaches, or anything you would squish if you found it in your bed
Yes
24. Completion of the final report (extra credit if team video is included)
Yes
Appendix
Mass Budget
Component
Geig er Counter
Structure
Petri Dish
Pressure tube
Screws and Nuts
Flight tube
Washers and paperclips
9-volt Batteries
Camera (with AA batteries)
Switches and LE Ds
AV R board and heater
Total
Weight (g)
53.1
177.7
31.5
20.9
1.2
5.7
20.3
185.0
225.9
31.5
90.1
842.9 grams
Monetary Budget
Material/Device
Batteries
Geig er Counter
Petri Dishes
Bacteria
Agar
Dry Ice
Pressure tube
Camera filter
Replica Plating Stamp
Nylon Washers
Screws and Bolts
Total
Cost
$30.56
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
$14.62
Donated
$30.00
$1.08
$1.54
$1.92
$76.26
Source
McGuckin Hardware
Images Co.
Biology Dept at CU
Carolina Biological
MCDB
Grocery Store
Ace Glas s Inc.
B&H Photo Video
McGuckin Hardware
McGuckin Hardware
McGuckin Hardware
Message to Next Semester
This class is going to be a lot of work, but very rewarding. If you are looking for a
class where you can make something without having to put much effort into it, then you
should look somewhere else. For every hour you spend working on your satellite it’s a safe bet
that you will be spending at least two more writing about it. This class involves a lot of
writing. It’s not busy work, though, as it thoroughly prepares you for real life presentations and
proposals. You are going to have to know your stuff and be prepared for all sorts of problems
along the way.
Though Chris says it every day, Time is not on your side! Try to finish everything at
least a week before flight, so you have time to run at least two or three full length flight
simulations. Testing everything is crucial.
On the other hand, you will have a blast. Chris is an amazing teacher, and will make
you love every class. Groups can sometimes be tough to work with, but if you work at it, you
can make great friends. If you do have group problems, try to work it out As Soon As
Possible! Having one poor worker in the group can drag the rest of the group’s morale down
too. At the same time, you all can have a lot of fun together.
Launch day will be unforgettable. There’s nothing like seeing the satellite you
worked so hard on soar through the sky, to disappear behind the clouds. A few tips on that
note: use anti-fog on the lens of your camera, and for goodness sakes, don’t forget to turn your
AVR board on!
As a final note, try to pick something that you know you will have fun working on.
If you are willing to work hard for a great reward, then Gateway to Space is right for you!