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It is a star round which the Earth and other planets revolve .
It is a medium sized star nearest to the Earth .
the diameter of the sun is about 14*10
kilometers.
The sun is a mass of hot gases, about 109 times bigger in size than the
Earth; 330000 kilometers from the Earth.
the enormous energy out put of the sun is the result of thermo nuclear
fusion reactions occurring in the interior of the sun at the temperature of about
20 million degrees. At such temperature hydrogen nucleic fuse together to form
helium nuclei , in this process, some mass is converted into energy according to
Einstein's equation .
E = mc2
The main structures of the sun are :PHOTOSPHERE
CHROMOSPHERE
CORONA
SOLAR WINDS
SUMMARY:
The solar system consists of the sun , the nine planets ,and their satellites ,
asteroids , comets & meteors. The sun is at the center of the solar system & all these
bodies are revolving around it . The sun holds them together by its great gravitational
pull. Let us learn the general features of sun & planets.
LESSON PLAN:
CONTENT LEARNING OUT
COMES &
TEACHER’S
ACTIVITY
STUDENT’S
ACTIVITY
OBJECTIVES
SUN
1)Students learn
the formation &
structure of the sun .
PLANETS
also uses the blackboard for drawing the
Diagrams during the developmental
the students listen
to the teaching & are
motivated to work on their own
2 ) Students understand
stage. The teacher uses the power
power point presentation after
the various features of
presentation, for the recapitulation
having gone through the
the planet's
D
1) Teacher explain the content using charts .teach
stage & also for drilling the revision.
Presentations of the teacher….
The students also draw the.
diagram of the sun
Earth’s crust is divided into several separate solid
plates which float around independently on top of
the hot mantle below. It is characterized by two major
processes:Spreading and Subduction.
. Spreading occurs when two plates move away from each
other and new crust is created by upwelling magma from
below. Subduction occurs when two plates collide and the
edge of one dives beneath the other and ends up being
destroyed in the mantle.
Earth is the only planet on which water can exist in
liquid form on the surface
In the outward appearance, the earth is a nearly
spherical ball with a radius of 6350kilometres.
Internally, the earth consists of three major layers.
These are:
1. Crust.
2. Mantle.
3. Core.
Venus, the jewel of the sky, was
once know by ancient once
thought Venus to be two
separate bodies. Venus, which is
named after the Roman
astronomers as the morning star
and evening star. Early
astronomers goddess of love and
beauty, is veiled by thick swirling
cloud cover.
This picture shows a cutaway view of
the possible internal structure of Venus.
The image was created from Mariner 10
images used for the outer atmospheric
layer. The surface was taken from
Magellan radar images. The interior
characteristics of Venus are inferred
from gravity field and magnetic field
measurements by Magellan and prior
spacecraft. The crust is shown as adark
red, the mantle as a lighter orange-red,
and the core yellow.
Venus was one of the planets known to the
ancient civilisations, and is sometimes
identified as the Morning or Evening Star, as
it is visible fairly close to the horizon in the
Morning or Evening, and is very bright. This
brightnes may be what gave it its name. Venus
was the Roman goddess of Love. Actually,
Venus was thought to be two different objects
in Prehistoric times. Eosphorus ( The Morning
Star) and Hesperus (The Evening Star)
Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, and the
second smallest planet in the solar-system. Mercury
is one of the five planets known of since ancient
times. It is named after the Roman messenger God,
Hermes in Greek, because he was fleet of foot and
the planet moves most quickly though the sky.
Mercury is too hot to have a stable atmosphere
like the earth or venus; any atmosphere it does
have comes from particles from the solar-wind. The
surface temperature varies from a maximum of 427
C to a minimum of -183 C.
Mars is the fourth planet from
the sun. It features the highest
mountains and deepest valleys.
Mars rotates around its axis in
24 hours and 37 minutes. It
orbits the sun in 687 days, and
has a diameter of 6800 km,
about half that of Earth. Mars
has a reddish hue over 3/5 of
it, which is caused by red dust
and rocks on the surface of the
planet.
Mars is the fourth planet from the
sun. It features the highest
mountains and deepest valleys.
Mars rotates around its axis in
24 hours and 37 minutes. It
orbits the sun in 687 days, and
has a diameter of 6800 km, about
half that of Earth. Mars has a
reddish hue over 3/5 of it, which
is caused by red dust and rocks
on the surface of the planet.
.
Jupiter has at least 16 satellites ( moons ), and
four of them are larger than Pluto.
Jupiter is 11.2 times larger than Earth, and
has a mass 318 times that of Earth.
Jupiter is more massive than all the other
planets combined.
Saturn is 9.5 times larger than Earth. Saturn
has a large moon called Titan.
The ring of Jupiter was
discovered by Voyager 1
in March of 1979. This
image was taken by
Voyager 2 and has been
pseudo colored. The
Jovian ring is about 6,500
kilometers (4,000 miles)
wide and probably less
than 10 kilometers (6.2
miles) thick.
Uranus's atmosphere consists largely of hydrogen and
helium, with a trace of methane. Through a telescope the
planet appears as a small, bluish-green disc with a faint
green periphery. Uranus's magnetic field, however, is only a
tenth as strong as the Earth's, with an axis tilted 55°
from the rotational axis.
Uranus has a diameter of 51,120 km (31,771 mi),
and its mean distance from the Sun is 2.87 billion km
(1.78 billion mi). Uranus takes 84 years for a single
 The unmanned spacecraft Voyager 2 towards the planet Uranus on
January 24, 1986. Voyager 2 discovered four new rings and ten new moons
around Uranus.
 In 1977, the American astronomer James L. Elliot discovered the
presence of five rings encircling Uranus in the plane of its equator.
 Named Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon. Four more
rings were discovered in January 1986 during the exploratory flight of
Voyager 2, and still more have been discovered since then.
TITANIA
ARIEL
The two largest moons, Oberon and Titania, were
discovered by Herschel in 1787. The next two, Umbriel
and Ariel, were found in 1851 by the British astronomer
William Lassell.
NEPTUNEabout -218° C (-360° F), much like Uranus, which is
more than 1.5 billion km (1 billion mi) closer to the Sun. Scientists
assume, therefore, that Neptune must have some internal heat source.
The atmosphere consists mostly of hydrogen and helium, but the
presence of up to three per cent methane gives the planet its striking
blue colour.
Atmosphere
Hydrogen - 85%
Helium - 13%
Methane - 2%
The distant, blue-green planet Neptune has again surprised
astronomers with the emergence of a new great dark spot in the
cloudy planet's northern hemisphere
TRITON
Neptune's eight moons are: Naiad, Thalassa, Depoina, Galatea, Larissa,
Proteus, Triton and Nereid. The most interesting is Triton which has many
geyser-like eruptions, spewing invisible Nitrogen gas and dust particles many
kilometres into the atmosphere. It's an icy world of frozen methane just
2720 km wide - smaller than Earth's moon! To find out more look at our
Triton section.
The motions of Uranus Continued by members of the Lowell
Observatory staff, the search ended successfully in 1930, when
the American astronomer Clyde William Tombaugh found
Pluto near the position Lowell had predicted. The new planet’s
mass, however, seemed insufficient to account for the
perturbations of Neptune, and the search for a possible tenth
planet continues.
Pluto's surface is believed to reach temperatures as low as 240oC (-400oF). From Pluto's surface, the Sun appears as
only a very bright star. Pluto rotates on its axis once in 6.4
days Pluto revolves about the Sun once in 247.7 years at an
average distance of 5.9 billion km (3.67 billion mi). The orbit
is so eccentric that at certain points along its path Pluto is
closer to the Sun than is Neptune. No possibility of collision
exists, however, because Pluto’s orbit is inclined by more than
17.2° to the plane of the ecliptic and never actually crosses
.
This is the clearest view yet of the distant planet Pluto and its
moon, Charon, as revealed by the Hubble Space Telescope
(HST). The image was taken on February 21, 1994, when the
planet was 4.4 billion The Surface of Pluto
The never-before-seen surface of the distant planet Pluto is
resolved in these NASA
Uranus, major planet, seventh in order of distance from the Sun,
revolving outside the orbit of Saturn and inside the orbit of Neptune. It
is of the sixth magnitude, so that it is just visible to the naked eye.
Uranus was accidentally discovered in 1781 by the British astronomer
William Herschel. The planet was called Herschel in honour of its
discoverer. The name Uranus, which was first proposed by the German
astronomer Johann Elert Bode, was in use by the late 19th century.
What is sun composed of ?
Name the different layers of the sun ?
Name the largest planet in the solar system ?
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