Transcript Blood Cells
Chapter 3 Suffixes Conditions • • • • -cele=hernia Hernia- a bulging forth or protrusion of an organ or the muscular wall of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it Ex: Hiatal hernia: stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm Inguinal hernia: part of the intestines protrudes downward into the groin Others: (pg 82) Rectocele, omphalocele, and cystocele Cystocele and rectocele. Fig. 3-1. Copyright © 2001 by W. B. Saunders Company. All rights reserved. Back MENU Forward Conditions • • • • • Amniocentesis- Fluid taken from the amnion (membrane sac that contains an embryo) during the 12th to 18th week of pregnancy Streptococcus- berry shaped bacterium (responsible for “strep” throat, tonsillitis, rheumatic fever, and often sinus infections Staphylococci- bacteria that grows in clusters and cause skin lesions (abscesses, boils, & styes) or internal lesions; very dangerous (MRSA-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) Diplococci (organized pairs)- pneumococci which are bacteria that cause pneumonia in adults and gonococci that invade the reproductive organs Blood Cells• 1. Erythrocytes: – Red Blood Cells- (erythr/o=red) cells that are made in the bone marrow and are necessary to carry oxygen from the lungs through the blood to all body cells • Hemoglobin- (hem/o=blood; globin=protein) protein in blood cells that carries the oxygen in the bloodstream • 2. Leukocytes- white blood cells – Eosinophils- (eosin=rosy) active and elevated in allergic conditions such as asthma – Basophils- (bas/o=basic) not clear on exact function but plays a role in inflammation • Neutrophils- (neutr/o=neutral or neither) important disease fighting cells which are called phagocytes (phag/o=eating or swallowing) because the ingest bacteria. They are the most numerous in disease-fighting and are usually called polymorphonuclear leukocytes (poly=many, morph/o=shape) Blood Cells • • • • Agranulocytes- produced by lymph nodes and the spleen – Lymphocytes- lymph cells that produce antibodies that fight foreign cells – Monocytes- (mon/o=one) engulf and destroy cellular debris and the neutrophils have attacked the foreign cells 3. Thrombocyte (thromb/o=clot) or platelet- clotting cells Anemia- means no blood; typically referred to as a medical condition where there is reduction in the number of erythrocytes or hemoglobin Ex: Aplastic (a=no, plas/o=formation) anemia: severe type in which the bone marrow fails to produce not only erythrocytes but leukocytes and thrombocytes Types of blood cells. Fig. 3-4. Copyright © 2001 by W. B. Saunders Company. All rights reserved. Back MENU Forward Terms and procedures • Ischemia- to hold back blood from a part of the body (isch/o=hold back, -emia=blood condition) • Tonsillitis- lymphatic tissue that has become inflamed with a bacteria • Acromegaly- endocrine disorder resulting from too much growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland after puberty (a person is normal height but has large hands, feet or face) • Splenomegaly- (megaly=enlargement) • Leukocytosis- slight elevation in numbers of normal WBC’s due to an infection • Achondroplasia- dwarfism; inherited disorder • Laparascopy- (peritoneoscopy or minimally invasive surgery) visual exam of the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope • Adenoids- (“resembling gland”) lymphatic tissue that are part of the pharynx near the nose and nasal passage • Blepharoptosis- (-ptosis=drooping, sagging, prolapse); eyelid muscles weaken and difficulty lifting eyelids Adenoids and tonsils. Fig. 3-9. Copyright © 2001 by W. B. Saunders Company. All rights reserved. Back MENU