Transcript The Crusades and the Black Death

The Crusades and the Black
Death
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
WHAT WERE THE CAUSES AND
EFFECTS OF THE CRUSADES?
CAN THE IMPACT OF THE
CRUSADES STILL BE SEEN
TODAY?
The Crusades
• The Crusades were an
attempt by the
European Church to
“reclaim the Holy
Land”
• Jerusalem had been
conquered by Arabs
around 640 AD
• 1095 Pope Urban calls
for first Crusade
Crusades
• Christian knights
captured parts of
Palestine/Syria
• 7 crusades in all from
1095-1300 including
“Children’s Crusade”
• Popes wanted to keep
armies out of Europe
and increase power
Crusades
• By 1291 Muslims
recapture all lands in
“Holy Land”
• Crusades a failureBUT- open Europe up
to Middle East trading,
new knowledge and
technologiesEuropeans go explore
THE BUBONIC PLAGUE
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
WHAT CAUSED THE PLAGUE?
The Plague
“Black Death”
• BUBONIC - The
bacteria from flea
bite invades lymph
node -causes great
swelling. Internal
bleeding starts
• Blood dries under
the skin and turns
black , hence the
name "Black Death".
The Culprits
The Plague
• Enters Europe from
Asia spread by rats
• Caused 25 million
deaths throughout
Europe
• Superstition/ Fear
spread in Europe-Jews
blamed
The Disease Cycle
Flea drinks rat blood
that carries the
bacteria.
Bacteria
multiply in
flea’s gut.
Human is infected!
Flea bites human and
regurgitates blood
into human wound.
Flea’s gut clogged
with bacteria.
The Plague
• Plague affected
authority of Churchwhich did not have
answers
• Feudalism changedworkers so scarce
could demand high
wages
• Population wouldn’t
increase until 1400s
Lancing a Buboe
Medieval Art & the Plague
Boccaccio in The
Decameron
The victims ate lunch with
their friends and dinner
with their ancestors.
Medieval Art & the Plague
Bring out your dead!
Attempts to Stop the Plague
A Doctor’s
Robe
“Leeching”
The Mortality Rate
35% - 70%
25,000,000 dead !!!
TODAY
• Oregon Plague: Woman Contracted Disease
From Cat
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The woman was bitten at the same time as Paul Gaylord, who made national headlines when
he almost died from a version of the infection that killed millions in the Middle Ages.
Plague is a bacterial illness spread through the bite of infected fleas or through direct contact
with an infected animal or person. The disease is now extremely rare. There are about seven
cases a year in the U.S.
The two had found a stray cat in distress, choking on a mouse. They were bitten when they
tried unsuccessfully to help the animal.
The 60-year-old Gaylord spent nearly a month on life support. The woman, identified only as a
Gaylord family friend, was out of the area when she started showing symptoms, including
fever, chills and pain in the lymph nodes. She was treated with antibiotics at a Portland
hospital.
"We got to her just in time," said Karen Yeargain of the Crook County Health Department.
"If this hadn't happened, we would have had another critically ill person on our hands," she
added.
Health officials suspected the woman had the plague, but it was not confirmed until lab results
from the federal Centers for Disease Control came back last week, Yeargain said.