Transcript Chapter 16 Active Lecture Questions

Active Lecture
Questions
Chapter 16
Innate Immunity:
Nonspecific
Defenses of the
Host
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Legionella uses C3b receptors to enter
monocytes. This
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
prevents phagocytosis.
degrades complement.
inactivates complement.
prevents inflammation.
prevents cytolysis.
Chlamydia can prevent the formation of
phagolysosomes, and therefore
Chlamydia can
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
avoid being phagocytized.
avoid destruction by complement.
prevent adherence.
avoid being digested.
none of the above
If the following are placed in the order of
occurrence, which would be the third
step?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Emigration
Digestion
Formation of a phagosome
Formation of a phagolysosome
Margination
If the following are placed in the order of
occurrence, which would be the third
step?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Activation of C5 through C9
Cell lysis
Antigen–antibody reaction
Activation of C3
Activation of C2 through C4
A human host can prevent a pathogen
from getting enough iron by
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
reducing dietary intake of iron.
binding iron with transferrin.
binding iron with hemoglobin.
excreting excess iron.
binding iron with siderophores.
A decrease in the production of C3 would
result in
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
increased susceptibility to infection.
increased numbers of white blood cells.
increased phagocytosis.
activation of C5 through C9.
none of the above
In 1884, Elie Metchnikoff observed blood
cells collected around a splinter inserted
in a sea star embryo. This was the
discovery of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
blood cells.
sea stars.
phagocytosis.
immunity.
none of the above
Helicobacter pylori uses the enzyme
urease to counteract a chemical defense
in the human organ in which it lives. This
chemical defense is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
lysozyme.
hydrochloric acid.
superoxide radicals.
sebum.
complement.
Which of the following statements about
IFN- is not true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
It interferes with viral replication.
It is host-cell–specific.
It is released by fibroblasts.
It is virus-specific.
It is released by lymphocytes.
Which of the following does not stimulate
phagocytes?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
cytokines
IFN-
C3b
lipid A
histamine
Innate immunity can be defined as
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ability to ward off diseases
Defenses that are present at birth
Specific responses to a specific microbe
The lack of resistance
The so-called ciliary escalator functions
by
a. Moving microbes towards the lower
respiratory tract
b. Killing microbes
c. Moving microbes toward the throat
d. Moving microbes from the nose
Which of the following bacteria
neutralizes stomach acid, allowing the
bacterium to grow in the stomach?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Clostridium botulinum
Streptococcus mutans
Lactobacillus pyogenes
Helicobacter pylori
Which is the most abundant leukocyte?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Basophil
Eosinophil
Neutrophil
Lymphocyte
Which of the following is classified as an
agranulocyte?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Monocyte
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
During inflammation there is activation
and increased concentration of a group
of proteins in the blood called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Kinins
Leukotrienes
Prostaglandins
Acute-phase proteins
Phagocytes may be activated by
components of bacteria such as lipid A or
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lipopolysaccharides
Prostaglandins
Cytokines
Granzymes
Fixed macrophages that are found in the
liver are called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alveolar macrophages
Microglial cells
Kupffer’s cells
Peritoneal macrophages
Which of the following organisms has the
ability to escape from a phagosome
before it fuses with a lysosome?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Shigella
Chlamydia
Plasmodium
Leishmania
Complement proteins are numbered
a.
b.
c.
d.
1 to 6
1 to 7
1 to 8
1 to 9
How many principal types of interferons
do humans have?
a.
b.
c.
d.
2
3
4
5
Some bacteria evade the complement
system by means of their
a.
b.
c.
d.
Endospores
Flagella
Cilia
Capsules
Which of the following is NOT a physical
form of defense for the respiratory and
gastrointestinal tracts?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mucus
Cilia
Hairs
Epidermis
What inhibits cell wall synthesis, forms
pores in the plasma membrane, and
destroys DNA and RNA in microbes?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The complement system
Antimicrobial peptides
Iron-binding proteins
Interferons
What do the activated fixed macrophages
secrete to bring about vasodilation,
increased permeability, and clot
formation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
Cytokines
Histamine