Transcript Protist and Fungi

Protist and Fungi
You will be able to explain how protists
and fungi are similar and different than
other common microscopic organisms.
Prokaryote (Bacteria Cell)
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Can Not See Nucleus
Much smaller than
Eukaryote cells
No visible organelles
Contains DNA and
RNA
Eukaryote Cells: Protists and Fungi
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Much larger
Can See Nucleus (Brain
of Cell) and organelles
Complex cell can do
more than Prokayote
Has Specialized
Functions in multi-cellular
organisms
Contains DNA and RNA
DNA mainly in nucleus
Protist Characteristics
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Much larger than bacteria and
viruses
Animal-like though 1 makes its
food by photosynthesis
Made up of eukaryote cells—
You can see nucleus and
organelles (unlike prokaryote
bacteria)
Most unicellular but some are
multi-cellular ( certain algae )
Only found in moist
environments (water)
4 basic types of Protists
Reproduce using Fission
(cloning/asexual) and Fussion
(conjucation/sexual)
Nucleus
Amoeba
Psuedopodia
Nucleus
Protist 1: Paramecium
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Eukaryote- can see
nucleus and
organelles
Covered in cilia
Found in Water
Has 2 Nucleuses
Feeds on other
protists (algae and
Euglena)
Contracting Vacuole
Macronucleus
Micronucleus
Protist 2: Ameoba
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Eukaryote- can See
organelles and Nucleus
Move with Pseudopodia
Found in bottom in the
sediment of most water
systems
Engulfs food by
surrounding it
Causes diseases such as
malaria, and dysentery
and rare form eats brain
of humans!
Pseudopodia
Nucleus
Protist 3: Volvox and Algae
Volvox (colony of algae cells)
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Eukaryote- can See
Nucleus and organelles
Green organelles called
chloroplasts
Autotrophic-makes own
food
Some live as colony
(Volvox)
Some deadly release
toxin known as the Red
Tide
Red Tide
Protist 4: Euglena
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Eukaryote- can see
Nucleus and organelles
Is both Plant and Animal;
makes and eats food
Found in water
Has long tail called
flagellum
Has “eyespot” to detect
light (Stigma)
Green color from
chloroplasts
Protist or Protozoans: 4 Basic
Traits
Most Animal like
 Lack cell walls and most heterotrophic
 Move with cilia, pseudopodia (little feet) or
flagellum
 Found mainly in water
 Cause Diseases such as Malaria and
Dysentery
 Malaria video
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Algae
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Eukaryote organisms
Not True Plants
Can be unicelled or
multicellular
Produce up to 60% of
the world’s oxygen
Slime Molds
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Slime mold is a broad term
describing fungus-like
organisms that use spores to
reproduce
Slime molds were formerly
classified as fungi, but are no
longer considered part of this
kingdom.
Their common name refers to
part of some of these
organisms' life cycles where
they can appear as gelatinous
"slime".
Mold/Fungi Characteristics
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Eukaryotes – can see nucleus
and organelles
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Have cell walls made of chitin
(insect skeleton material)
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Unable to make their own food
so act as parasites: absorb
food from other living/decaying
things
use spores to reproduce
Like to grow in warm moist
areas: ARCH ENEMY of
BACTERIA
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Cell structure
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Size is anywhere from tiny unicellular to
large multicellular
Reproduction
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Lightweight spores
are surrounded by a
protective covering
and can be carried
easily through the air
or water to new sites
Example
Mushrooms
 Athletes foot
 Mold
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Closing of Microlife
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How do we protect
ourselves from these
pathogens?
Virus
Bacteria
Protists
Mold/Fungi
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What type of
medicines work
against them?
Vaccines
Antibiotics
Chlorine in water
Antifungal medicines
What makes pathogens
dangerous?
Fact One:
 How easily it spreads from organism to
organism (person to person)
 Fact Two:
 How rapidly can the Pathogen reproduce
itself
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Preventing Spread of Disease
Active Immunity- your body is producing
antibodies to fight it off. (Vaccine or prior
exposure)
 Passive Immunity- you are injected with
antibodies from another organism to fight it
off; allows time for your body to find and
make antibodies before you become ill
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Biotechnology
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Biotechnology- use of living organisms to
produce products for human use.
Products can be such as genetically altered food
such as milk, corn, and tomatoes
Piggybacked viruses, using a harmless virus to
produce capsid of a more harmful one. Idea is
that harmless virus will makes “protein coat” of
harmful one so that your body could make
antibodies for the “bad one”