Transcript Physics Review #1

Waves Review #1
LCHS
Dr.E
A girl leaves a history classroom and
walks 10 meters north to a drinking
fountain. Then she turns and walks 30
meters south to an art classroom. What is
the girl’s total displacement from the
history classroom to the art classroom?
(A) 20 m south
(B) 20 m north
(C) 40 m south
(D) 40 m north
One car travels 40 meters due east in 5.0
seconds, and a second car travels 64
meters due west in 8.0 seconds. During
their periods of travel, the cars definitely
had the same
(A) average velocity
(B) total displacement
(C) change in momentum
(D) average speed
A student does 60 joules of work pushing a
3.0-kilogram box up the full length of a
ramp that is 5.0 meters long. What is the
magnitude of the force applied to the box to
do this work?
(A) 20 N
(B) 15 N
(C) 12 N
(D) 4.0 N
If the frequency of a periodic wave is
doubled, the period of the wave will be
(A) halved
(B) doubled
(C) quartered
(D) quadrupled
How much time does it take light from a
flash camera to reach a subject 6.0 meters
across a room?
–9
5.010
(A)
s
–8
(C) 5.010 s
–8
(B) 2.010 s
–7
(D) 2.010 s
Which wave phenomenon makes it
possible for a player to hear the sound
from a referee’s whistle in an open field
even when standing behind the referee?
(A) diffraction
(B) Doppler effect
(C) reflection
(D) refraction
Two pulses, A and B, travel toward each other along
the same rope, as shown below.
When the centers of the two pulses meet at point X,
the amplitude at the center of the resultant pulse
will be
(A) +1 unit (B) +2 units (C) 0 (D) –1 unit
The superposition of two waves traveling in
the same medium produces a standing wave
pattern if the two waves have
(A) the same frequency, the same amplitude,
and travel in the same direction
(B) the same frequency, the same amplitude,
and travel in opposite directions
(C) the same frequency, different amplitudes,
and travel in the same direction
(D) the same frequency, different amplitudes,
and travel in opposite directions
A system consists of an oscillator and a speaker
that emits a 1,000-hertz sound wave. A
microphone detects the sound wave 1.00 meter
from the speaker.
Which type of wave is emitted by the speaker?
(A) transverse
(C) circular
(B) longitudinal (D) electromagnetic
A system consists of an oscillator and a speaker that
emits a 1,000-hertz sound wave. A microphone detects
the sound wave 1.00 meter from the speaker.
The microphone is moved to a new fixed location 0.50
meter in front of the speaker. Compared to the sound waves
detected at the 1.00-meter position, the sound waves
detected at the 0.50-meter position have a different
(A) wave speed
(B) frequency
(C) wavelength
(D) amplitude
A system consists of an oscillator and a speaker that
emits a 1,000-hertz sound wave. A microphone detects
the sound wave 1.00 meter from the speaker.
The microphone is moved at constant speed from the
0.50-meter position back to its original position 1.00
meter from the speaker. Compared to the 1,000.-hertz
frequency emitted by the speaker, the frequency
detected by the moving microphone is
(A) lower
(B) higher
(C) the same
A 10-kilogram block is at
rest on a plane inclined at
15° to the horizontal.
As the angle of the incline is increased to
30°, the mass of the block will
(A) decrease
(B) increase
(C) remain the same
If the direction of a moving car changes
and its speed remains constant, which
quantity must remain the same?
(A) velocity
(B) displacement
(C) momentum
(D) kinetic energy
Two carts are pushed apart by an
expanding spring. If the average force on
the 1-kilogram cart is 1 newton, what is
the average force on the 2-kilogram cart?
(A) 1 N
(B) 0.5 N
(C) 0.0 N
(D) 4 N
A lab cart is loaded with different masses
and moved at various velocities. Which
diagram shows the cart-mass system with
the greatest inertia?
A sled and rider slide down a
snow-covered hill that makes
an angle of 30° with the
horizontal. Which vector best
represents the direction of the
normal force, FN, exerted by the hill on the sled?
The diagram below shows two pulses of
equal amplitude, A, approaching point P
along a uniform string.
When the two pulses meet at P, the
vertical displacement of the string will be
(A) A
(B) 2A
(C) 0
(D) A/2
The energy of a water wave is most
closely related to its
(A) frequency
(B) wavelength
(C) period
(D) amplitude
Which form(s) of energy can be
transmitted through a vacuum?
(A) light, only
(B) sound, only
(C) both light and sound
(D) neither light nor sound
A tuning fork vibrating in air produces sound
waves. These waves are best classified as
(A) transverse, because air molecules are vibrating
parallel to the direction of wave motion
(B) transverse, because air molecules are vibrating
perpendicular to the direction of wave motion
(C) longitudinal, because air molecules are
vibrating parallel to the direction of wave motion
(D) longitudinal, because air molecules are
vibrating perpendicular to the direction of wave
motion
A student in a band notices that a drum
vibrates when another instrument emits a
certain frequency note. This phenomenon
illustrates
(A) reflection
(B) resonance
(C) refraction
(D) diffraction
Radio waves and gamma rays traveling
in space have the same
(A) frequency
(B) period
(C) wavelength
(D) speed
The spreading of a wave into the region
behind an obstruction is called
(A) diffraction
(B) reflection
(C) absorption
(D) refraction
The diagram above represents a wave moving
toward the right side of this page. Which
wave shown below could produce a standing
wave with the original wave?
A train sounds a whistle of constant frequency as it leaves
the train station. Compared to the sound emitted by the
whistle, the sound that the passengers standing on the
platform hear has a frequency that is
(A) lower, because sound-wave fronts reach the platform at a
frequency lower than the frequency at which they are
produced
(B) lower, because sound waves travel more slowly in the
still air above the platform than in the rushing air near the
train
(C) higher, because sound-wave fronts reach the platform at
a frequency higher than the frequency at which they are
produced
(D) higher, because sound waves travel faster in still air
above the platform than in the rushing air near the train
Which type of wave requires a material
medium through which to travel?
(A) sound
(B) television
(C) radio
(D) x ray
A periodic wave is produced by a vibrating
tuning fork. The amplitude of the wave would
be greater if the tuning fork were
(A) struck more softly
(B) struck harder
(C) replaced by a lower frequency tuning fork
(D) replaced by a higher frequency tuning fork
The sound wave produced by a trumpet
has a frequency of 440 hertz. What is the
distance between successive
compressions in this sound wave as it
travels through air?
(A) 1.5 × 10–6 m
(B) 0.75 m
(C) 1.3 m
5
(D) 6.8 × 10 m
The diagram above
shows two pulses
approaching each other in a uniform
medium. Which diagram below best
represents the super-position (addition) of
the two pulses?
Sound waves strike a glass and cause it to
shatter. This phenomenon illustrates
(A) resonance
(B) reflection
(C) refraction
(D) diffraction
Magnetic fields are produced by particles
that are
(A) moving and charged
(B) moving and neutral
(C) stationary and charged
(D) stationary and neutral
A longitudinal wave moves to the right through a
uniform medium. Points A, B, C, D, and E
represent the positions of particles of the medium.
Which diagram best represents the motion of the
particle at position C as the wave moves to the right?
A longitudinal wave moves to the right
through a uniform medium.
Points A, B, C, D, and E represent the
positions of particles of the medium.
The wavelength of this wave is equal to the
distance between points
(A) A and B
(B) A and C
(C) B and C
(D) B and E
The energy of this wave is related to its
(A) amplitude
(B) speed
(C) period
(D) wavelength
Playing a certain musical note on a
trumpet causes the spring on the bottom
of a nearby snare drum to vibrate. This
phenomenon is an example of
(A) resonance
(B) refraction
(C) reflection
(D) diffraction
As viewed from Earth, the light from a
star has lower frequencies than the light
emitted by the star because the star is
(A) moving toward Earth
(B) moving away from Earth
(C) stationary
The diagram represents a periodic wave
traveling through a uniform medium. If
the frequency of the wave is 2.0 hertz,
the speed of the wave is
(A) 6.0 m/s
(B) 2.0 m/s
(C) 8.0 m/s
(D) 4.0 m/s
The diagram shows
a standing wave in a
string clamped at
each end. What is the
total number of nodes and antinodes in
the standing wave?
(A) 3 nodes and 2 antinodes
(B) 2 nodes and 3 antinodes
(C) 5 nodes and 4 antinodes
(D) 4 nodes and 5 antinodes
Approximately how much time does it
take light to travel from the Sun to Earth
(Sun to Earth distance = 1.5 x 1011 m)?
(A) 2.00 × 10–3 s
(B) 1.28 × 100 s
(C) 5.00 × 102 s
(D) 4.50 × 1019 s
The time required for a wave to complete
one full cycle is called the wave’s
(A) frequency
(B) period
(C) velocity
(D) wavelength
The wavelength of the wave is equal to
the distance between points
(A) A and G
(C) C and E
(B) B and F
(D) D and F
When a light wave enters a new medium
and is refracted, there must be a change
in the light wave’s
(A) color
(B) frequency
(C) period
(D) speed
Wave X travels eastward with frequency f and
amplitude A. Wave Y, traveling in the same
medium, interacts with wave X and produces a
standing wave. Which statement about wave Y is
correct?
(A) Wave Y must have frequency f, an amplitude of
A, and be traveling eastward.
(B) Wave Y must have frequency 2f, an amplitude
of 3A, and be traveling eastward.
(C) Wave Y must have frequency 3f, an amplitude
of 2A, and be traveling westward.
(D) Wave Y must have frequency f, an amplitude of
A, and be traveling westward.
The diagram above
represents two pulses
approaching each other
from opposite directions
in the same medium.
Which diagram to the
right best represents the
medium after the pulses
have passed through
each other?
A car’s horn is producing a sound wave
having a constant frequency of 350 hertz.
If the car moves toward a stationary
observer at constant speed, the frequency
of the car’s horn detected by this observer
could be
(A) 320 Hz
(B) 330 Hz
(C) 350 Hz
(D) 380 Hz
A transverse wave is traveling to the
right through a medium. Point A
represents a particle of the medium. In
which direction will particle A move in
the next instant of time?
(A) up (B) down (C) left (D) right
Increasing the amplitude of a sound
wave produces a sound with
(A) lower speed
(B) higher pitch
(C) shorter wavelength
(D) greater loudness