Transcript Soil Atmosphere - UC Berkeley College of Natural Resources

Soil Organisms and Ecology
Chapter 11
Table 11.1
FIGURE 7–5
Interrelationships of autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms: nutrient cycling and energy flow.
Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns
Soils: An Introduction, 6e
FIGURE 7–4
Most soil microbes live on surfaces. Top: Fungal hyphae on a sand grain. Bottom: Bacteria (Rhizobium)
attached to a root hair.
….. leads to association
with plants
Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns
Soils: An Introduction, 6e
I. Associations with Plants
FIGURE 7–15
Legume–Rhizobium
symbiosis: typical stages in development.
Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns
Soils: An Introduction, 6e
FIGURE 7–17
Mycorrhizae. (A) Major types of mycorrhizae.
Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns
Soils: An Introduction, 6e
FIGURE 7–18
Mycorrhizal association between root hairs and the fungal hyphae
Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns
Soils: An Introduction, 6e
II. Soil Management Effects
III. Soil Organism Table
FIGURE 7–1
Sizes and forms of soil inhabitants, in relation to soil particle sizes.
Michael J. Singer and Donald N. Munns
Soils: An Introduction, 6e
IV. Practical Outcomes of Adaptations
A. Actinomycetes: medical antibodies
B. Mycorrhizal and N fixing symbiosis: improve productivity of
cultivated plants
C. Predatory/Parasitic Fungi/Protozoa: control root pathogens
D. Specialized/Opportunistic Bacteria: eliminate toxic materials