Transcript Bloodborne Pathogen Training

By
Sara Preston, RN, LSN
Licensed School Nurse
Adapted from
MacNeil Environmental, Inc.
And CDC
Bloodborne Pathogens
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BBP: are pathogenic micro-organisms
that are present in human blood, and
can cause diseases in humans:
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
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Other Potentially Infectious Materials
(OPIMs) include:
vaginal secretions/semen
brain, joint, organ fluids
body fluids with blood:vomit & urine/feces
Hepatitis Virus
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“Hepatitis” means inflammation of the
liver.
Different Types of Hepatitis [A-E]
- HBV and HCV are bloodborne
60 to 80% of people with Hepatitis show no
symptoms
Hepatitis can lead to cirrhosis of the liver,
which can be fatal.
The Hepatitis B virus can stay alive outside
the body for up to 14 days. HCV can stay
alive outside the body up to 4 days.
Hepatitis B Vaccine!
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Offered to employees in “high-risk”
positions. Ask your School Nurse how to
get started.
3 - Shot Series: first shot
next shot 1 month later
final shot 6 months later
Hepatitis C
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There is no HCV Vaccine
Symptoms: None to flu-like that may
require hospitalization
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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HIV destroys the immune
system by destroying white
blood cells.
It takes 8-15 years for
symptoms to manifest.
HIV is not AIDS. When
white Blood Cell count falls
below 200 diagnosis is
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
[AIDS]
No vaccine, no cure yetonly prevention
Workplace Transmission
through
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Accidental injury with a sharp object
contaminated with blood.
Open cuts, nicks, skin abrasions, even dermatitis
and acne.
Mucous Membranes of mouth, eyes, nose.
Indirect transmission, touching a previously
contaminated surface & transfer to mouth, eyes,
nose or open skin.
Workplace Exposure
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Let your School Nurse and Administrator
know right away if you have exposure to
blood or body fluids at work
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Universal Precautions
We are not able to tell which people
carry BBP: HIV, HBV, and HCV infect
people of all ages, socio-economic
classes, state, rural areas & cities
Many people carry infections without
even knowing it
Thus, treat all human blood/OPIMs
as if they are known to be
infectious
Reducing Your Risk
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Personal Protective Equipment
- equipment that protects
Main exposure is to hands:
Gloves
- disposable
- free of flaws
- accessible
Other exposure through
“splash Generation”
(Use mask and eye protection and add
“gown”/overalls/coveralls if wider exposure is possible)
Sharps Containers
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“Sharps” are
objects that can
pierce the skin,
like:
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needles
razor blades
scalpels
exacta knives
pins
saw blades
glass
Infectious Waste
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PUT IT IN A RED BIOHAZARD BAG (available
in your School Nurses
office) IF:
 Drippable
 Squeezable
 Pourable
 Saturated
Reducing Your Risk
Good hand washing!!!
Sing Happy Birthday to You….TWICE!
T Zone - Keep hands away from
eyes, nose and mouth
T-Zone
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The most common Portals of Entry are
the mucous membranes in our T-Zone
Keep hands away from the mouth, nose
and eyes, and many illnesses can be
prevented.
4 Principles of Hand Awareness
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Wash your hands when they are dirty,
before eating and after cough/sneeze
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Never cough into your hands
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Never sneeze into your hands
4 Principles of Hand Awareness
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If your hands do not smell clean, time to
wash or use hand sanitizer
Above all, do not touch your eyes, nose
or mouth with your hands
Endorsed by the AMA and AAFP (2001)
Behaviors that we need to be
aware of and curtail
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Rubbing – touching nose, mouth
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Eye rubbing
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Nail or cuticle biting, finger licking, etc
Hand Awareness
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People who are “Hand Aware” are much
less likely to contaminate themselves,
another person, or a surface
How many times have you touched, or
almost touched your T-Zone so far this
hour?
Bacterial count on surfaces
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2.7 million bacteria cells/square inch on
drinking fountains
33,800 bacteria/sq inch on a cafeteria
tray
3,200 bacteria/sq inch on toilet seats
Bacterial Counts on Surfaces
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260 bacteria/sq inch on keyboards
740 bacteria/sq inch on telephones
(unless used by many people – then the
rate goes way up)
The Hand is Quicker than the Eye
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People unknowingly touch a
contaminated surface or human and then
transmit the organism to another surface,
themselves or the students they serve
People get sick, due to unconscious
personal habits
How Have Health Care and
Educational settings made a
difference?
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Question basic beliefs about our part in
the infection cycle
Self and group assessment of behaviors
and behavior changes
Standard Precautions
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Assume that every person is potentially
infected or colonized with an organism
that could be transmitted in the school or
home setting and apply the following
infection control practices during the
delivery of services.
Standard Precautions
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Hand Hygiene
After contact with potentially
contaminated items (ex: mouthed toys)
After any contact with blood/body fluids
Standard Precautions
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Respiratory Hygiene –
Cough Etiquette
(Miss Medical Manners )
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Cover your cough – tissue or into your
sleeve
Be a role model for kids and families
Respiratory Hygiene
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Wash hands after coughing/sneezing
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Make sure tissues are readily available
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Dispose of tissues
(bring a plastic ziploc bag)
AND wash your hands!
Cover Your Cough or Sneeze
Standard Precautions
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Personal Protective Equipment
Gloves – whenever there is a skin or secretions
concern – rash, runny nose (wash hands before
doning gloves and after removing gloves)
Masks – when appropriate to protect your
student and/or to protect you
Remember This!
A little poop goes a long way!
- Wash your hands well
 If it is wet or sticky, and it isn’t yours,
don’t touch it
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Dos and Don’ts
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Don’t even think about sneezing or
coughing without covering up!
Keep your hands in your lap or pockets,
not in your eyes, nose or mouth
More Dos
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Be immunized – to save lives!
Be wise – Hand Sanitize!
Be Cool – Wash hands with the Happy
Birthday rule!
Ms Preston says
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If you are ill – for heavens sake stay home
If a student is too ill to be in class – you
know where to send them
Questions ?
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Contact your School Nurse:
Silver Bay – Karen Brostrom
Ext 8108
Two Harbors – Sara Preston
Ext 8212