Transcript Document

Bacterial Infection of
Cardiovascular system
By
Dr. Humodi A. Saeed
Associate Prof. of Medical Microbiology
College of Medical Laboratory Science
Sudan University of Science and Technology
E mail address: [email protected]
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
What is Cardiovascular system?
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Definition
Cardiovascular system (circulatory system), defined
as a group of organs that transport blood and the
substances it carries to and from all parts of the body.
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Components?
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Components
The cardiovascular (circulatory) system consists of :
1. The heart
2. Blood vessels.
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Functions?
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Functions
1. Circulates blood throughout the body.
2. Delivers nutrients and other essential materials to
cells.
3. Removes waste products.
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Function
(It serves as the body's transportation system).
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Diseases?
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Cardiovascular diseases
Disease of the heart and blood vessels.
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Bacteraemia
Bacterial Infection of CVS
1. Bacteraemia
• Presence of organisms not permanent.
• Organisms not multiplying.
• Patient asymptomatic.
• Important means of spread for other diseases.
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Causes of Bacteraemia
• Group B streptococcus
• Escherichia coli (and other enteric Gram negative
bacilli)
• Listeria monocytogenes
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Neisseria meningitides
• Salmonella spp
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Causes of Bacteraemia (cont.)
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Group B streptococcus
• Neisseria meningitides
• Salmonella spp
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Listeria monocytogenes
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Causes of Bacteraemia (cont.)
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Neisseria meningitides
• Salmonella spp
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Septicaemia
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
2. Septicaemia
Septicaemia is a potentially life-threatening infection
in which large amounts of multiplying bacteria are
present in the blood. It is commonly referred to as
blood poisoning.
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Septicaemia
• Organisms actively multiplying.
• Patient acutely symptomatic.
Bacterial Infection of CVS
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Causes
Septicaemia usually arises as a result of localised
infection in the body. The primary site of infection may
occur in the:
Respiratory system
Skin
The gastrointestinal system
Genitourinary system.
Bacteria usually spill over from the primary infection site
into the blood and are carried throughout the body
thereby spreading infection to various systems of the
body.
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Symptoms
1. Fevers
2. Chills
3. Rash
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Mortality
1.
2.
3.
4.
Very high even with prompt therapy.
Gram positive 10 – 20%
Gram negatuve 25 – 40%
Septic shock 40 – 90%
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Endocarditis
Bacterial Infection of CVS
3. Endocarditis
Viridans Streptococci
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Staphylococcus aureus
CoN Staphylococci
Stomatococcus species
Enterococcus species
Bacterial Infection of CVS
3. Endocarditis (Cont.)
HACEK group
Bartonella species
Rickettsia burnetii
Brucella species
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Enterobacteriaceae
Ps. aeruginosa,
Corynebacterium sp.
Propionibacterium sp.
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Myocarditis
Bacterial Infection of CVS
4. Myocarditis
Cory.diphtheriae
Clostridium perfringens
group A Streptococcus
Borrelia burgdorferi
Neisseria meningitidis
Staphylococcus aureus
Bacterial Infection of CVS
4. Myocarditis (Cont.)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Chlamydia psittaci
Rickettsia rickettsii
Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Pericarditis
Bacterial Infection of CVS
5. Pericarditis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Staphylococcus aureus
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria meningitidis
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Lab. Diagnosis
Specimen
Blood
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Lab. Diagnosis
Essential points
1. Multiple collections
(3 in 24 hours)
2. Maximum volume
(do not overfill!)
3. Aseptic collection /
handling technique
is CRITICAL
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Lab. Diagnosis
Microscopy
Gram stain
To detect:
1. Gram positive
2. Gram negative
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Lab. Diagnosis
Blood culture:
To isolate the causative
agent (s).
Bacterial Infection of CVS
Treatment
After performing
sensitivity test.
Thank you