Transcript Components of the Universe

02.21.13
Group 17
Complete the handout using
the internet. When you are
done you may work on
assignments from other
classes or play games at
learn4good.com or
coolmath.com
02.21.13
Universe Theory Project
 Choose 4 theories and begin
your research
 If you need a copy of the
directions:
Open
folder icon at the bottom left
Click on “JMSLabs” on the left side
Open “8th Grade Science” folder
Open “Theories of the Universe” file
P:
Vocabulary Stations
At each station:
Copy
the word and
definition
Draw a visual
representation where
possible
P:
Light Year (ly)
The distance that light
travels in one year
P:
Theory
The most accepted
explanation, based on
research
P:
Speed of Light
The rate at which light
travels through empty space
P:
Big Bang Theory
 The idea that
the Universe
expanded from
an extremely
dense and hot
state that
continues to
expand today
P:
Types of Waves
 Radio wave
 Microwave
 Infrared wave
 Visible light
 Ultraviolet ray (UV)
 X-ray
 Gamma ray
P:
Wavelength
The distance between two
crests or two troughs
P:
Frequency
The number of wave crests
that pass a point during one
second
P: Nanometers (nm)
A unit of measurement use
to measure very small
objects
P:
Crest
The highest point of a wave
P:
Trough
The lowest point of a wave
P:
Hertz (Hz)
A unit of measurement
used to measure frequency
P:
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Used to gather info about the
distance and properties of
objects in universe
P:
Spectroscope
An
instrument
used to
observe light
Gives info about
temperature of objects
P:
Star
Formed when gravity pulls
together gas and dust from
stellar nebula
Types of Stars - protostar,
main sequence, red giant,
red supergiant, white dwarf,
black dwarf, neutron star
P:
Black Hole
What is created
when a massive
star dies
Gravity left behin
pulls everything
near inwards
P:
Galaxy
A cluster of
stars, gas,
and dust that
are held
together by
gravity
P:
Types of Galaxies
Elliptical
Spiral
Irregular
P:
Nebulae
An interstellar cloud of
dust, hydrogen, helium and
other ionized gases
Types of Nebulae: Planetary
nebula and Stellar nebula
P:
Luminosity
Brightness of a star
Used to classify stars
P:Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
Models the
different
types of stars
and predicts
star aging
P:
Magnitude
Absolute magnitude - The
true brightness of a star
Apparent magnitude - How
bright a star looks in the
sky from Earth
A:
Post-It Question
On your post-it, write one
question about one vocabulary
word
Question can be:
Multiple-choice
True or False
Fill-in-the-Blank
Short Answer w/ Explanation
C:
Your Own Definitions
In your own words, write
definitions to 3 of the new
vocabulary words
E:
Create one Word Wall. On the
front, draw a picture and
word. On the back, write the
definition.
02.19.13
Light Years
8.8D We will model and describe how light years are used to measure distances and
sizes in the universe
S: Finish working on the
Pre-Assessment Test.
Do not write on the Class
Set. You have 20 minutes.
P
Quick Vocabulary Check
Copy and Complete
1. A light year is the _______
distance that light
travels, through a vacuum in one year.
2.
light is the rate at
_______of
_____
Speed
which light travels through empty
space.
3.
The Electromagnetic
____________ Spectrum
_______ is
used to gather info about the distance
and properties of objects in universe
using different wavelengths.
P
Speed of Light
 Speed of light = 299,792,458 meters/sec
 It is the fastest speed we know.
P
Light Years (ly)
•We use light years to measure DISTANCES
across space because other units like
kilometers or miles are too small to use.
•1 light year = 9.5 trillion km
P
Light Years (ly)
Same reason why we use yards
instead centimeters (cm), feet, or
inches (in) on a football field.
A
Light Year Model
 Purpose: To model and describe
comparative distances in light years
between 3 objects in the universe.
Materials:
 Journal
 Metric
 Pencil
ruler (Scale: 1 light year = 0.5 cm)
A
Light Year Model
 In your journal:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Draw a scale drawing using a ruler showing
the distances in light years from the sun to:
Proxima Centauri (4 light years away)
Sirius (9 light years away)
Solar Neighborhood (33 light years
away)
Scale is 1 light year = o.5 cm
Include both Illustrations and Labels
List the advantages and limitations
C
Light Year Math
If a light year is approximately 10 trillion
kilometers, how far is Proxima Centuri
from the Earth in km?
43 trillion km
~4.3 ly
E
RESEARCH PROJECT OVERVIEW
Project due Wednesday February 27th.
1. Choose 4 theories from handout
2. Complete ‘Research Sharing
Organizer’
3. Choose 1 theory, create a poster
4. On poster include:
• Name of Theory, Discovery Date
• Scientist, Description of Theory
• Pictorial Design of Theory
E RESEARCH PROJECT RUBRIC
Project due Wednesday February 27th.
1. Explain the purpose of today’s
lesson. How did the light year
model activity help you better
understand using light years?
2. Why do we use light years instead of
miles or kilometers to measure
distances in space?
02.20.13
Components of the Universe
S: Tell me how each scientist contributed
to the topic below them. What idea or
theory did they develop?
Niels Bohr
Isaac Newton Alfred Wegener
Atoms
Force and
Motion
Plate
Tectonics
Model of atom
with orbital
shells of
electrons
Gravity and
Laws of
Motion
Plate Tectonic
Theory of
Continental Drift
?
?
?
P/A: Universe Interactive Presentation
During the presentation,
Answer the questions on the
handout using complete
sentences in your journal.
Pay close attention 
C:
Universe Quiz
Number your own paper
from 1 to 10.
Write your name
Date
Class Period
DO NOT write on quiz
RESEARCH PROJECT RUBRIC
Project due Wednesday February 27th.
1. Look at all 10 theories
2. When I call your name,
tell me the theory you
will make a poster about
3. Have backups chosen in
case one is already taken
E:
H-R Diagram
B
A
Compare the temperature and luminosity
of star A and B. Which one represents
our Sun? What type of star is our Sun?
Explain.
02.21.13
S:
Bill Nye Universe
Universe Quiz
• Number a half sheet of paper
from 1 to 10.
• Write your name, date, class per.
• You can use your notes
• DO NOT write on quiz
PAC:
Video Chart
As the video is playing, fill in the L
and N columns of your chart
What you
know (K)
(3 things)
What you
learned (L)
(5 things)
What you need
to know (N)
(3 things)
EXIT
1.I already knew
________________________ about
the universe.
2.I learned
________________________ about
the universe.
3.One thing I still don’t understand
about the universe is…