Transcript Bronchitis
Brittany Skaehill, Julian Rulan, Maryna Ugalde, & Katlyn Feick What is it? Bronchitis is a respiratory disease (lower) which mucus membranes in the lungs bronchial passages become inflamed. Bronch-ITIS: inflammation in bronchial tubes Etiology Caused by viral infections, bacteria, or other particles hat irritate the bronchial tubes. There are many types of viruses and bacteria that causes bronchitis: • H. Influenzae • H. parainluenzae • S. Pneumoniae Main virus S. Pneumoniae • Gram positive • Slightly pointed cocci What is a virus? • an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat Epidemiology When does it commonly occur? • Winter • Western part of U.S Why the western part? • Because those are where it is mostly populated which causes smog and other irritants in the air which will cause the bronchitis. Statistics: • Incidence (annual) of Acute Bronchitis: 4.6 per 100 (NHIS96: acute bronchitis); 14.2 million cases annually • Incidence Rate: approx. 1 in 21 or 4.60% or 12.5 million people in USA Forms There are 2 forms of bronchitis: • Acute ( last from 1-3 weeks) • Chronic (last 3 moths of the year to 2 years) Acute bronchitis • Responsible for a hacking cough and phlegm production that accompany an upper respiratory infection. Caused by viruses from influenza. Chronic Bronchitis C.O.P.D. = Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is the result • Mainly caused by smoking tobacco 58 year old male smoker with moderate C.O.P.D Who? • Smokers • Second hand smoking • Weakened immune system • Elderly and infants • GERD (gastro esophageal • reflux disease) • Exposure to irritants GERD and Bronchitis Acid reflux irritates the airways and lungs, which affects breathing and may make people more sensitive to outside conditions such as air pollution, cigarette smoke, and cold air. This is only for Acute bronchitis Symptoms for Chronic and Acute • Cough • Production of colored mucus • Fatigue • Shortness of breath • Slight fever/ chills • Chest discomfort Risk Factors for Acute and Chronic • Smoking • Low resistance • Exposure to irritants • Gastric reflux Transmission • Air borne particles • Escalation of the flu or cold • Physical contact with infected surface or person Tests and Diagnosis • Chest x-ray • Sputum test (test mucus) • Pulmonary function test Treatments • Antibiotics (only if doctor suspects bacterial infection) • Cough medicine • inhaler Prevention • Avoid cigarette smoking • Get the Flu vaccine • Wash hands wear surgical mask (if exposed to irritants at curtain jobs) Video http://www.muschealth.com/video/default.aspx?videoId=10188 References http://bionews-tx.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/fluincidenceCDC.png • Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Acute Bronchitis Marie M. Budev & Herbert P. Wiedemann August 1, 2010 • WebMD • Mayo Clinic • What is Bronchitis? Peter Crosta M.A. 30, May 2004 • Google images • "Bronchitis Animation - MUSCHealth Video Library." Bronchitis Animation MUSCHealth Video Library. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 May 2014. <http://www.muschealth.com/video/Default.aspx?videoId=10188&cId=38&ty pe=rel>.